Abstract:

As global international relations issues become increasingly complex, it is of great significance to scientifically explore the pattern of China's relations with other major powers for the development of China's status as a major power and the formulation of its foreign policy in the era of unprecedented changes. This paper establishes a multi-dimensional index system for major country relations and uses the event data analysis method to analyze the characteristics of the relations pattern between China and major powers worldwide. The results show that: ①The index value of China's relations with major powers in the world is generally low, showing a "pyramid" structure, showing different growth ranges from 2002 to 2019, and the order of relations between major countries is unstable and the inter-annual difference is large. ②Under different factors, the relations between China and the world's major powers vary greatly among the major powers, and the relations between political exchanges, economic relations, and cultural exchanges between major powers are manifested as a positive "uplift", negative "collapse", "Erlenmeyer flask" and a single-center "uplift" spatial pattern. ③There is a general "short board effect" in China's connections with the world's major powers, and the pattern of relations is divided into five types: "political cold economic and hot culture" type (China and America; China and Japan), "weak political economy and culture are better" type (China and Britain), "political hot economic culture is better" type (China and Russia), "economy hot political culture average" type (China and Germany; China and Pakistan), "political economy and culture average" type (China and France; China and India). Based on this, China should actively promote the construction and dissemination of a community of human destiny and a new type of great power relations, and look for different points of focus for the different types of ties between China and the world's major powers to differentiate its handling of great power relations.

Key words: China, major country relations, geo-relation, temporal and spatial pattern

摘要：

随着全球国际关系问题日趋复杂，中国对外关系形成了新局势，探讨中国与其他大国间的关系格局对中国大国地位发展和对外政策制定具有重要意义。本文建立多维度的大国联系指标体系，运用事件数据分析法，解析中国与世界主要大国间的关系格局特征。结果表明：①中国与世界主要大国间的联系指数值普遍较低，呈现“金字塔”结构，在2002—2019年间呈现不同的增长幅度，大国联系不稳定，年际差异较大。②不同要素下中国与世界主要大国间的联系在各个大国间差异巨大，大国政治往来、经济联系和文化交流分别表现为正向隆起、负向塌陷、“锥形瓶”和单中心隆起的特征。③中国与世界主要大国间的联系普遍存在“短板效应”，联系格局分为5种类型：“政冷经热文化较好”型（中美、中日）和“政弱经济文化较好”型（中英），“政热经济文化较好”型（中俄），“经热政治文化一般”型（中德、中巴），“政治经济文化一般”型（中法、中印）。基于此，中国应积极推动人类命运共同体和新型大国联系的构建与推广，并针对中国与世界主要大国联系格局的不同类型寻找不同的着力点，以便差异化处理大国关系。

关键词: 中国, 大国联系, 地缘关系, 时空格局