Abstract:

The flow of petroleum resources is an important process for realizing the spatial and temporal configuration of oil resources. This paper comprehensively uses the methods of oil self-sufficiency, current ratio, etc., and takes the “One Belt and One Road” oil-affected country as the research object, and studies the spatial-temporal evolution of petroleum resource flow types in various countries from 1995 to 2014. The results show that: (1) The number of net oil-supplying countries was relatively stable from 1995 to 2014, and the tendency of oil trade in proletarian or low-producing countries was relatively small; the number of basic self-sufficient countries accounted for the largest proportion, accounting for two-fifths of the total in 1995. First, the proportion of the remaining four years was stable at one-third; the number of net expenditure-type countries increased significantly. In 1995, seven net expenditure-type countries remained unchanged in five countries in 2014, indicating that these countries’ oil production has Big advantage. (2) In 1995 and 2014, there were 39 countries in the land exchange countries, of which 34 countries had maintained the function of the exchange of land. The spatial distribution was east and west, less in the south and more in the north and west and east and west Asia and Central Asia. Eastern Europe is the boundary; 14 countries have always maintained the functions of their source areas, and their spatial distribution pattern corresponds to the land exchanges. There are many western and eastern regions and there are only a few southern and northern regions. They are mainly distributed in West Asia, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia; the number of exchange places is relatively small. Disperse distribution, and the distribution is not stable. (3) From the perspective of quantitative changes, the exchange areas slightly increased during the study period, the source area decreased slightly, and the exchange areas increased slightly; the ratio of the total export volume of the “One Belt and One Road” source area to the total import volume of the exchange areas decreased year by year.

Key words: “One Belt and One Road”, balanced types of oil resource flows, oil resource flow functions, temporal and spatial evolution

摘要：

综合运用石油自给率、流动比率等方法，以“一带一路”沿线国家为研究对象，对1995—2014年各国石油资源流动类型时空演变进行研究。结果表明：1）1995—2014年石油净补给型国家数量较为稳定，无产型或低产型国家的石油贸易倾向变化相对较小；基本自给型国家数量占比最大，1995年占比1/2，其余四个年份占比稳定在1/3；净支出型国家数量显著增加，至2014年其中有5个国家保持不变，表明这些国家的石油产量具有较大的优势。2）1995年和2014年汇地国家均为39个国家，其中有34个国家一直保持汇地职能，空间分布上呈东多西少，南多北少，东西分化以西亚、中亚、东欧为界；有14个国家一直保持源地职能，其空间分布格局与汇地相应，西多东少，南多北少，主要分布于西亚、东欧及中亚；交流地数量较少，呈分散分布，且分布地不稳定。3）从数量变化来看，研究期内汇地略有增加，源地略有减少，交流地略有增加；“一带一路”源地总出口量与汇地总进口量的比呈逐年降低趋势。

关键词: “一带一路”, 石油资源流动平衡类型, 石油资源流动职能, 时空演变