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16 October 2016, Volume 25 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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A Comparative Analysis of Russian and Australian Agriculture 2016, (5): 14-21.  Abstract ( )   PDF (456KB) ( )   Russia and Australia have similar natural and land resources, but they do differ in the levels of agricultural development. Australia has a highly efficient agriculture with high marketability and internationalization. The productivity of agriculture in Australia is so high that it exports three-quarters of its products, meanwhile Russia only by means of imports can satisfy the need of the population in meat, milk, eggs, potatoes. The present article analyses the reasons for the difference between Russia and Australia in productivity from the view point of land ownership, agricultural producers and specialization of production, discussing the questions on increasing efficiency of land resources use, scale and efficiency, as well as the role of the market to regulate production. Related Articles | Metrics

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The characteristics of traffic congestions in large cities of China and international experiences implications 2016, (5): 48-57.  Abstract ( )   PDF (701KB) ( )   With the number of private cars increasing rapidly, the problems of urban traffic congestion and environmental pollution are worsening and gradually evolves for hindrance economic society sustainable development issue. Traditional road transportation infrastructure and management model cannot be satisfied by the requirement of modern society. A number of problems like urban traffic congestion have become increasingly prominent, seriously affecting people’s daily life and urban development. Urban congestion intensifying is due to the city ' s existing public transportation facilities seriously lag behind the rapid growth of urban passenger travel demand which needs to be solved imminently. This paper studies the characteristics of traffic congestion in large cities and the experience of international governance for reference. Firstly, this paper compares and analyzes the similarities and differences of the characteristics of the traffic congestion between foreign large cities and big cities of china, and discusses the feasibility of international management experience. The analysis found that: Although the large cities of our country have some differences in the development stage and the development background of the same foreign city, but in the traffic characteristics and factors, has a similar place. The urban population growth, the increase of the car, the expansion of the urban space and the change of the life style of the residents are the important factors of the urban traffic congestion, and the experience of foreign control congestion can be used for reference by our country. Secondly, this paper sorts out and analyzes the experience and application of international big city governance. Finally, put forward suggestions to Control the traffic congestion issue in large cities of china from the remodeling of land use and strengthen traffic management, and the relationship between car use to encourage green traffic etc. Developing public traffic greatly is an important and effective solution to deal with the traffic problem, which are becoming more and more serious. Related Articles | Metrics

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IDENTIFICATION OF NON–COORDINATION BETWEEN URBANIZATION AND ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT IN SHANDONG PROVINCE DURING 1990-2014 2016, (5): 58-68.  Abstract ( )   PDF (818KB) ( )   Abstract：With the new urbanization and the ecological civilization construction has become a major development strategy, the relationship between urbanization and ecological environment has attracted a lot of attention. This article made an identification of non-coordination between urbanization and ecological environment in rapid urbanization of coastal industrial provinces Shandong Province during1990-2014, to study it’s spatial distribution with GIS. The results showed that: (1) The ehensive urbanization level and ecological environment level of Shandong Province ontinued improving. The urbanization level and the level of resource utilization are low. (2) The non-coordination between urbanization and ecological environment in Shandong Province continued to decline in 1990-2014, changed from the third stage of non-coordination to the second stage of non-coordination. (3) The level of urbanization and ecological environment and the degrees of non–coordination between urbanization and ecological environment of the central region and the eastern region is better than the western region. Regional natural environment, regional development stage, regional technical conditions, regional industrial structure, environmental regulation efficiency, inter-regional relations structure are the main factors of spatial differentiation.How to explore the coupling state between urbanization and ecological environment has important significance to guide the sustainable development of China's urbanization. Related Articles | Metrics

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Review and Progress in Farmland Protection 2016, (5): 69-80.  Abstract ( )   PDF (794KB) ( )   By the means of social network analysis and cluster analysis,this dissertation was written to focus on the literature on cultivated land protection through 331 CSSCI papers during the years of 1998-2015,a total of 18 years,using CitSpaceIII,Ucinet and Spss softwares to handle the datum. The study found that the literature on cultivated land protection in following four aspects: (1) over the last 18 years, the research on cultivated land protection in China can be divided into exploring and researching stage from 1998 to 2003, comprehensive development stage from 2004 to 2009, stable development phase from 2009 to 2015.(2)With mining knowledge of clustering is relatively concentrated, the research on cultivated land protection formed four clusters- farming dynamic change, cultivated land safety, ploughland system and economic compensation.(3)Farmland Protection hotspot has the following five aspects: cultivated land protection, food security, land utilization, land administration and cultivated land resources.In the meantime, peasant rights, peasant household and social responsibilities may become hotspots.(4)The research of consequence for cultivated land protection and national farmland protection policy are relatively similar. To some extent, research production affect national arable land protection policy making and implementation. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Temporal and Spatial Evolution Pattern and Operation Mode of Urban Complex in China——A Case of Wanda Plaza 2016, (5): 81-91.  Abstract ( )   PDF (811KB) ( )   Through analysis of development process and product characteristics, spatial distribution and the size of the building, business combination and holding ratio, it reveals the pattern of investment and operation mode of Wanda Plaza. The study found that Wanda Plaza location is transferred from the central business district to the edge or peripheral vice center in first or second tier cities, a large number of investment projects gathered in the circum Bohai Sea area, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta Economic Zone, second and third tier cities become the hot spot of Wanda Plaza investment, and gradually to the developed economic counties (cities) in the eastern region, edge district or new district of mega cities is still key investment region of Wanda Plaza. Wanda Plaza is changed from heavy asset mode of residential apartments and office sales to light asset mode of holding the core brand, technology and commercial leasing, and commercial complex of traditional shops and department store building is changing to shopping mall and theme park, it is highlighting cultural tourism, entertainment experience forms of consumption, and actively integrating into the e-commerce business model, in order to deal with the impact of the sales business model in the information era. Related Articles | Metrics

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The impact of space-time constraints on frequency of e-shopping behaviour: Evidence from Nanjing, China 2016, (5): 92-100.  Abstract ( )   PDF (717KB) ( )   The prevalence of e-shopping has raised concern that traditional in-store shopping might be replaced by e-shopping because of its potential for saving shopping travel and supporting sustainability on both local and global scale. Recent studies have examined what factors affect peoples' preference for e-shopping in developed countries. Yet to date exploration of the impact of space-time constraints on people's e-shopping behaviour in the context of China’s fast increasing share of on-line consumption from geographical perspective is rare. In light of this, this paper based on space-time constraints theory which is emphasized by time geography, taking the Chinese metropolis Nanjing as a case, usage of questionnaires and activity/travel diary data, examines the factors affecting the frequency of e-shopping in Nanjing from the perspective of space-time constraints. The results show: ① Female between 26-30 years old holding bachelor or higher degree and with personal monthly income of 2000-3000 Yuan shows high likelihood of online buying; ② Home internet accessibility, years of experience in internet use and frequency of using internet positively affect residents' intention as well as action to buy online；③People with lower accessibility to local in-shopping sites and more working hours are more likely to engage in e-shopping. The underlying explanation is that e-shopping improves shopping efficiency and removes the distance constraint. Given the spatial residence distribution, it can be inferred that the prosperity of e-shopping is expected to reduce car travel in the suburb areas of Nanjing. This paper offer guide for the future orderly e-shopping behaviour of Nanjing residents and make recommendations for sustainable travel. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Spatial Distribution and Influencing Factors of Facebook Users 2016, (5): 101-110.  Abstract ( )   PDF (775KB) ( )   Websites aren’t only components of cyberspace, but also one of basic breakthrough points for studying cyberspace or internet from the perspective of geography. Differences exist in types of websites, websites of the same category, countries to which websites belong and service objects, where it is inevitable that impacts and presentation forms of geographical elements aren’t totally identical. However, geographical rules will be unified as long as websites are adequately famous with a huge amount of users to browse, register and log in to them. Laws of spatial distribution of registered website users are the most fundamental focuses, while Facebook is definitely the optimal case for a global study. This paper explores spatial distribution of Facebook users by considering number and penetration of users. Factors affecting spatial distribution of Facebook users are quantitatively and qualitatively examined. Quantitative indicators are selected on the basis of analyzing factors impacting distribution of individual netizens and those from different countries. After research, conclusions are reached as follows in this paper. Firstly, at the continental or national level, number and penetration of Facebook users greatly differ. Centralization index of the former is high, inclined to developed countries and nations with over 0.1 billion population, while the latter index is relatively high in Europe, America, Oceania and high income countries. Secondly, number of Facebook users is mainly impacted by three aspects factors of GDP, population size and number of netizens. Penetration is primarily influenced by multiple level factors of per capita income, urbanization rate, internet penetration and network infrastructure. In addition, transformation of internet surfing tools, cultural differences and network supervision system are important factors affecting spatial distribution of Facebook users. Thirdly, a basic premise for one to become a Facebook user is that he must be a. Thus, netizens is the most direct factor impacting the spatial distribution of Facebook users accordingly. On one hand, other factors mainly influence spatial distribution of Facebook users by affecting distribution of netizens. On the other hand, although spatial distribution of Facebook users and netizens correspond to each other to a great extent, it isn’t totally consistent. Fourthly, traditional geographical elements have indirect impacts upon spatial distribution of Facebook users. They impose impacts upon distribution of netizens, especially of Facebook users by affecting national economic growth, population distribution and cultural differences, etc. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the Spatial Distribution of Pickup Points from the Perspective of Residents’ Behavior: A Case Study of Cainiao network pickup points in the City of Nanjing 2016, (5): 111-120.  Abstract ( )   PDF (871KB) ( )   In recent years, there have been many kinds of pickup points appearing in China with the development of network information technology and express industry, the development patterns and spatial layout of which have become contents of planning of every level, including public service facilities plan. This article focuses on the spatial distribution of pickup points from the perspective of residents’ behavior, by the applying of GIS and SPSS, taking Cainiao network pickup points as an example, and hope to give assistance to pickup point networks planning. According to the result, the spatial layout of pickup points is closely related to the social attributes, residential and employment behavior, and the differences of behavior mode will lead to various space mode. Related Articles | Metrics

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Pension plan of metropolis based on growth of the elderly population - taking Shanghai as an example 2016, (5): 121-130.  Abstract ( )   PDF (765KB) ( )   With the deep aging of the population in Shanghai, demands for aging facilities are increasing. With big pension of Shanghai aging facilities, construction and spatial layout lagged, which caused low efficiency of utilization. Based on the elderly population growth, migration characteristics and socio-economic development trends characteristic, this paper use cluster analysis to divided Shanghai old age type districts into five types. We analyzed and summarized guidance policy of building each type of these areas. At last, we put forward some suggestions on pension facilities planning in metropolis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Global Comparative Analysis of World Heritage Values on Biological and Ecological Evolution on Fanjingshan Mountain 2016, (5): 131-141.  Abstract ( )   PDF (862KB) ( )   Studying world natural heritage value of Fanjingshan is significant guiding value for ecological environment protection and rational exploitation of natural resources of itself and other similar areas. The 10 heritage sites were selected which are located at different continents and whose climate and ecological environment similar with Fanjingshan, based on criterion (ix), from biological and ecological characteristic and evolution. The outstanding universal values of Fanjingshan were revealed after a global comparative analysis with similar areas worldwide. The comparative research shows that Fanjingshan possesses more complicatedly biological and ecological evolutionary process, more significant intersection of north and south, east and west flora, more unique Mountain natural vertical spectrum and more abundant biodiversity. Fanjingshan includes the biological and ecological characteristic of subtropical, warm temperate, temperate and cold temperate zone, and it is an outstanding example of biological and ecological evolution from mountain hills to sub-alpine mountains in subtropical humid zone worldwide. It represents world natural heritage value of mountain ecosystems in subtropical humid zone. Related Articles | Metrics

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Review of Domestic Research on the Social-Cultural Impact of Tourism Since the year of 2000 2016, (5): 142-152.  Abstract ( )   PDF (703KB) ( )   The research on the social-cultural impacts of tourism has become one of the hotspots in the tourism academic circles. Carding and summarizing the relevant research results is helpful to clarify the research context, and provide reference for the deepening and expanding research in the future. On the basis of summarizing the domestic core journals, this paper summarizes the research achievements of domestic scholars in this field since 2000. The research found that the research numbers on social and cultural impact of tourism are growing, and the research content mainly concentrated in the four aspects, ie: research on tourism perception of residents, cultural change, identity and social structure ,etc, but the research content and depth remains to be to expand. At the same time, it pointed out that the future research should pay more attention to the deep mechanism and the influence mode. In the research content, the following issues can be expanded in the future: the diachronic and synchronic comparison of residents' perception behavior; the influence model, rules as well as dealing and controlling strategy of tourism on culture change; identity of multidimensional perspective to explore and regional differences; the external influence of tourism on community structure etc. Related Articles | Metrics

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Teaching Optimization Path of "World Geography" in the Background of Deepening the Reform of Basic Education 2016, (5): 167-176.  Abstract ( )   PDF (910KB) ( )   "World geography" is an important specialized basic course of geographical science (normal) specialty in higher normal college. this course teach students the continents and oceans world geography knowledge and discusses the problems of the world geography based on man-land relationship and sustainable development theory, and taking globalization as a background. "World geography" is a course which including the acknowledge in nature and humanities, regions and departments, theory and application geography. It is one of the most comprehensive, regional and applied courses in geography science (normal) specialty in university. It has an important significance for a connecting link between the theory and regional practice, and also one of the professional courses to provide the necessary knowledge for the quality education of citizens to adapt to the 21st century. With the comprehensively promote and continuously deepen of the quality education and the basic education reform in China, the new requirements and challenges are put forward for the teaching of "world geography" and the cultivation of new teachers in normal colleges and universities. The paper analyze the teaching contents, instructional objectives of "world geography" in junior middle school, senior high school and university, summarize the mutual connection in different teaching stages on knowledge structure, knowledge system, knowledge focus, knowledge scope, subject ability, map ability, emotion attitude and value concept. Based on the deepening of basic education reform in order to establish the concept of geographical basic values, training regional cognition, enhancing geographical practical ability and improving ability of comprehensive thinking as the guide, this paper analyzes the better way of “World Geography” teaching in the following aspects as teaching content, teaching method and teaching means, including developing the global awareness and man-nature harmonization, enhancing the effectiveness and openness of the teaching contents, improving the ability of thinking and practical and pay attention to quality education of students and teachers. Related Articles | Metrics