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15 December 2017, Volume 26 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Evaluation of National Energy Supply Potential and Analysis of Energy Geopolitical Pattern in “the Belt and Road” 2017, 26(6): 11-21.  Abstract ( )   PDF (888KB) ( )   “The Belt and Road” area covers China’s energy lifeline as well as the most centralized area of risk where China’s energy transport corridor is confronting. Based on the perspective of China's oil trade cooperation with 12 oil supply countries along “the Belt and Road”, this paper constructed an evaluation system from two dimensions of revenue and risk to do a hierarchy analysis respectively. Furthermore, this paper constructed an oil trade cooperation revenue-risk matrix among China and the relevant countries, and comprehensively analyzed the energy geopolitical pattern among the super energy consumptive countries including China, US, Russia and Japan. The study finds that from the perspective of cooperation-revenue, Saudi Arabia can bring the highest revenue on China’s future large-scale oil trade cooperation, followed by Russia. From the point of view of risk evaluation, the highest risk of cooperation lies in Iraq, followed by Azerbaijan and Iran. Through the revenue-risk matrix, all the countries are divided into four categories: high risk-high revenue, low risk-high revenue, high risk-low revenue and low risk-low revenue. The classification result shows that Saudi Arabia, Russia, Kuwait and Kazakhstan are low risk-high revenue countries, which can be chosen as the preferred partners; Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan and Brunei are high risk-low revenue countries with the lowest cooperation potential. In addition, “the Belt and Road” area is facing a complex energy geopolitical situation with intertwined powerful forces. To ensure the energy demands and interests in such a competitive environment, China is imperative to make a breakthrough in national policy and regional cooperation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatio-temporal changes of primary crops in Laos during 1976-2013 2017, 26(6): 31-39.  Abstract ( )   PDF (598KB) ( )   Analysis of planting structure and its regional changes of primary crops will have a significant influence on enhancing food provision ability, providing guidance to the layout of crop production, and maintaining food security in Laos. Using the approaches of time-series trend and gravity center based on the crop statistics provided by the Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database (FAOSTAT, 1961-2013) and Laos Statistical Yearbook (1976-2013) at the national and provincial scales, we quantified the spatial-temporal pattern of crop production from the view of planting structure and planting proportion changing trend in Laos from 1976 to 2013. The results indicated that: 1) the agriculture production in Laos has achieved much development since 1976. The planting area increased by 2.1 times and the total crop output increased by 7.5 times in the last decades. However, the yield level is still very low, less than 3 t/hm2. The provincial crop production and layout fluctuated significantly due to regional differences of natural conditions and resource endowments. 2) Gravity centers analysis of crops planting area and output showed a southward trend as a whole during 1976-2013. By contrast, crop production in southern part of Laos has more advantages, holding the potential in become the potential grain production base in the future. 3) The planting structure was largely adjusted in Laos during 1976-2013. The related diversities were significantly increased by 4.4 times and the crop planting structure has transformed from simple to multiple. However, the planting structure is still dominated by monoculture, especially the grain crops. With respect to cereal changing types, the pattern has transformed from rice-only planting to the combination of grain and economic crops. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Evolutionary Patterns of Geographic Concentration of Chinese Export Trade--based on the empirical analysis of Chinese export data from 1984 to 2013 2017, 26(6): 40-48.  Abstract ( )   PDF (619KB) ( )   Against the background of ‘New Normal’ economic development in China，there has been the deep restructuring of geographic patterns of Chinese export. Using Chinese export data for international trade，the paper examines the evolutionary characteristics and major factors of geographic concentration of Chinese export trade from 1984 to 2013 through analyzing its index of geographic concentration and the degree of grey correlation, aiming to promote the innovation of China international trade policy for the future. The result indicates that the index of geographic concentration of Chinese export is continually declining. However, there are very different factors influencing the geographic concentration of Chinese export during three stages. Especially, the structure of labour force and the export price index have been more important than other factors in the long term. It is also noticeable that the grey correlation of RMB exchange rate is increasingly growing over the past ten years. Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatiotemporal evolution and its mechanism of township comprehensive accessibility: Evidence from Jingzhou city in Hubei province 2017, 26(6): 49-60.  Abstract ( )   PDF (753KB) ( )   The fundamental impetus of the development and evolution on accessibility is the results of the nonlinear correlation function between social, economic, resources and environment system (SERE) elements. For the inadequacies of the traditional accessibility evaluation model based on the shortest path and the narrow research perspectives，this paper sets up an evaluation index system of comprehensive accessibility and SERE coupled system, reconstructs the accessibility model based on the shortest transit time, introduces the coupling-coordination degree model in order to reveal the space-time patterns and the evolution mechanism of township comprehensive accessibility(TCA) with the help of urban-rural road network space database from 2000 to 2014 in Jingzhou:①TCA in Jingzhou is well developed, following Gaussian distributions and showing a certain randomness;②TCA is irregular circles distributed round the city center which caused by the combination of center location preference, the Jingjiang River “natural moat” role and the two high-speed traffic;③ The global spatial autocorrelation of coupled coordination between township TCA and SERE has a weak positive correlation, but the local spatial correlation function is complex, the four basic types are showing a aggregated distribution;④The coupled coordination degree between township TCA and SERE is continuous optimization, but there has a significant traffic lag development, at the same time, the spatial variation is obvious, overall showing a spatial heterogeneity with high coupling degree and low coordination degree. Related Articles | Metrics

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Household Strategies’ Choice and Transition Dynamic Mechanism Research from Farmers——The survey data from inhabited areas’ 451 farmers in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 2017, 26(6): 61-72.  Abstract ( )   PDF (674KB) ( )   Under the influence of rapid urbanization, the shift is occurring between different types of livelihood capitals’ ownership and structure configuration from farmers, impacting on farmers household strategies’ choice, accelerating livelihood model’s transition. Ningxia Hui presents a characteristic of big area inhabited by several nationalities and little region inhabited by their own, selecting 22 villages’ 451 farmers to survey from it, based on calculation for farmers’ livelihood capitals ownership and structure, by applying binary logistic model and multi-logistic model to analyze the influence factors of farmers household strategies’ choice and the dynamic of livelihood transition. The research shows: (1) Farmers livelihood capitals’ composition of the different household strategies exists a big gap, in the multi-dimensional development capability from its composite index view, farmers are divided into households with being based on non-agriculture and supplemented by agriculture, households with being based on agriculture and supplemented by non-agriculture, non-farmer, pure peasant households respectively from highest to lowest; (2) Natural capital has an apparently positive effect on pure peasant households and households with being based on agriculture and supplemented by non-agriculture’s livelihood choice, however financial capital, human capital and social capital have a significantly positive impact on households with being based on non-agriculture and supplemented by agriculture’s livelihood choice, and social capital has a prominently influence on non-farmer; (3)The main dynamic is financial capital from pure peasant households to households with being based on agriculture and supplemented by non-agriculture, the major dynamic is human capital turning to households with being based on non-agriculture and supplemented by agriculture, and the chief dynamic is social capital toward non-farmer yet, the households comprehensive labor force and the social diversification degree are prominently promoter for farmers’ livelihood transition. Seeing from retardation factor, different types of transition modes exist a great difference. For household strategy of different farmers, policy support having pertinence was proposed finally. Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatial and Temporal distribution and evolution characteristics of "Taobao villages" with different levels in China 2017, 26(6): 73-82.  Abstract ( )   PDF (752KB) ( )   "Taobao villages" as a new business model in rural areas, needs to pay more attention to its spatial problems persistently, in order to making a scientific judgment on its future development and regional influence. Based on the data of Taobao villages in China during 2009-2016, using standard deviation ellipse analysis, central factor analysis and spatial auto-correlation analysis, the temporal and spatial characteristics and variation trends of China's Taobao villages under the whole nation, province and city three scales were discussed. The results showed as followed, ①The number of Taobao villages has increased, but the growth rate becoming slow down; With the Characteristics of the main north-south diffusion as a whole, but the agglomeration degree is more and more stronger in recent years, concentrated in eastern coastal areas; ②Taobao village distribution of the provinces is increasing,which showed obvious zonal distribution trend in Guangdong-Zhejiang-Jiangsu coastal provinces area; All of the distribution center was located in Zhejiang Province, where the center of gravity track presents the trend of "northwest–southeast-northeast", and the moving distance is gradually reduced; ③Zhejiang province has always maintained a leading position, especially in City of Taizhou, Wenzhou and Jinhua where the number of Taobao villages accounted for nearly 1/4 of the whole nation, showing a rapidly development; There is a positive correlation between the number of Taobao Village in the research area,agglomeration trend and Spatial proximity effect evidently; ④Taobao village in each scale showed a two-way characteristic of agglomeration and diffusion, but in different scale, its aggregation or diffusion degree difference is obvious, such as the national and provincial scales show obvious diffusion characteristics, and the city agglomeration characteristics is more outstanding. Therefore, the discussion of the spatial evolution law of Taobao Village under the scale conversion can provide some reference for the study of economic geography. Related Articles | Metrics

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Based on the "Separation of upper and lower" model of urban rail construction and operation research——With Japan as an example 2017, 26(6): 83-91.  Abstract ( )   PDF (719KB) ( )   Urban rail helps to improve the urban transport situation and promoting urban development, but the reality of rail operations, there are many obstacles, apart from the huge building costs, need for multi-stakeholder coordination. To resolve the many problems facing urban rail, Japan adopted a "Separation of upper and lower" mode of construction and operation. The so-called separation of upper and lower, refers to the local governments are responsible for construction and maintenance of the track, the liberalization of the private sector responsible for operations. From the effects view, separation mode and raise up and down Japan urban rail services. Based on Japan, for example, adherence to the separation mode operators, freight is determined and analyzed and outlined the framework structure of the model and experience. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on the Evolution of Innovation Network of Local Enterprises in China from the Perspective of Globalization 2017, 26(6): 92-100.  Abstract ( )   PDF (777KB) ( )   The evolution of enterprise innovation network is an important basis for analyzing the change of enterprise innovation ability. Under the impetus of economic globalization, the evolution of the innovation network in the host country is affected not only by the foreign R&D investment, but also by the overseas R&D investment of the local enterprises. Based on the theory of enterprise life cycle and the connotation and elements of enterprise innovation network, this paper firstly analyzes the evolution process of enterprise innovation network and divides it into four stages, including the formation stage, the expansion stage, the maturity stage and the change stage. Secondly, it explores the characteristics of every stage and the development rules of the enterprise innovation network in the process of evolution. At last, take the Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. as an example to study the evolution process of the innovation network of the local enterprises in China from the perspective of globalization, analyze the characteristics and rules of the evolution of innovation network of the local enterprises, and summarize the relevant inspiration. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Spatial and Structure of Innovation Network of Shanghai Agriculture Industry 2017, 26(6): 110-118.  Abstract ( )   PDF (762KB) ( )   Network perspective has already been applied in diverse area comprehensively. However, the innovation network of agriculture might have been neglected. This paper, using co-publication and co-patent in the field of agriculture in Shanghai from 1988 to 2015 as the original data, focuses on understanding the structural and spatial characteristics of the innovation network. There are some conclusions drawn from the research. Firstly，The innovation network obviously has core-periphery paradigm. Secondly， From the spatial characteristics of the network, although other cities like Beijing, having become powerful knowledge pool, the actors still tend to cooperate with the partners which located within Shanghai. Thirdly, the research institutions has become the center of science network, while the structure of technology network is on the initial stage and display as a chain. The results provide a new research perspective on the evolution of innovation network, which has some guided and reference meaning to the agricultural innovation system. Related Articles | Metrics

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Rural E-commerce Relational Network and Place making under the background of targeted poverty alleviation： Case Study of Wuhua County 2017, 26(6): 119-130.  Abstract ( )   PDF (848KB) ( )   Nowadays the sharing economy has become a hotspot, and rural e-commerce is the exemplification of sharing economy penetration into rural areas. Based on development of sharing economy and targeted poverty alleviation, and the opportunity of rural e-commerce stationed in rural areas, the paper takes Wuhua County as an example, and analyzes the process of rural e-commerce power relational network in line with “Actor-network theory”. The paper studies how a different place meaning is built in the process of rural e-commerce stationed in rural areas, providing a strategy for rural economic development. Related Articles | Metrics

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A Research on the impact of Tourist's Behavior IntentionBased on Awe Emotion in mountain Resorts——A Case Study of jinshan Scenery Area in hangzhou 2017, 26(6): 131-142.  Abstract ( )   PDF (810KB) ( )   Abstract ： In the process of mountain tourism, the awe emotion is considered to be the main experience, significantly influence tourists' behavior intention. However, there are few studies use the specific discrete emotions as driving factors for empirical analysis in influencing tourist behavior intention . This paper apply a case of mountain scenic spots in hangzhou jinshan for empirical research，using the software of SPSS, AMOS, extract the tourists' four dimensions of behavior intention, then using the structural equation model to build the relationship between awe emotion and tourist behavior intention, analysis the influence of awe mood impact on tourists behavior intention. Empirical analysis results show that the awe emotions has significant positive influence on behavior intention of visitors, besides, the awe emotion indirectly affect tourists' word of mouth recommendation intention and revisit intention will through satisfaction , and have direct impact on tourists' willingness to share and premium payment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Heritage Value and Characteristic of World Culture Route Heritage 2017, 26(6): 143-153.  Abstract ( )   PDF (846KB) ( )   Abstract: World cultural routes heritage is a cultural type that appears late, with complicated contents and massive scales among the world heritage. On the basis of stating the elements of world cultural routes heritage and its criterion of judgment, space layout and classification for themes types of world cultural routes are discussed. Based on 13 world cultural routes heritage sites and 32 European cultural routes heritage sites, the universal values of cultural routes heritage are analyzed. Besides, the succession values represented by township landscapes, art design, and cultures and civilizations, and extra values represented by economic development are discussed as well and the tendency that extra values are gradually stressed in excess of succession values and the consequences are worked out. Finally, great expectations are made on domestic world cultural routes, and there is urgent need for more attention on the space organizations of cultural routes conducive to the domestic cultural routes to be listed on world heritage and relevant researches. Related Articles | Metrics

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International perceived image of 5A-grade scenic spots in Beijing: elements identifying and differences analysis 2017, 26(6): 154-164.  Abstract ( )   PDF (932KB) ( )   Using web crawler program, and collecting user-contributed content of 5A-class tourist attractions in Bingjing from travel review sites of Tripadvisor, this paper uses leximaner software for text analysis, and identifies not only the dimensions of perceived image of inbound tourists to scenic spots, but also the differences of perceived image between different scores that tourists give. The results show that Beijing's perceived image of 5A-class scenic spots from inbound tourists mainly includes five aspects: "attraction", "experience", "service", "people" and "Traffic" and so on, Mutianyu Great Wall and the Temple of Heaven Park are of the highest value, Gongwangfu is the lowest one. Scenic spots that belong to 1 to 3 score is related to Ming Tombs, Prince Gong's Palace and the Forbidden City. Inbound tourists are not satisfied with souvenirs, scenic spots, food, tickets, etc. provided by scenic spots. Scenic spots evaluated 4 to 5 points are related to Mutianyu Great Wall, Summer Palace, Temple of Heaven and the Olympic forest park, and inbound tourists is satisfied with tourism attractions, internal traffic and local residents. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Geographical Distribution and Network Structure of Self-driving Tourist Flow in Fujian Province 2017, 26(6): 165-174.  Abstract ( )   PDF (868KB) ( )   Using social network analysis method, the paper studies the geographical distribution and network structure of self-driving tourist flow in Fujian province. It can be concluded as follows from the market characteristic. (1) Peak and trough of tourist season alternate four times in a year, showing M model, especially peak seasons achieve a high level compliance with Chinses long holiday. (2) The travel models mainly between couples , parent-child and parents account for 60.1%，secondly relatives and friends accounting for 27.1%. (3)88.18% self-driving tourists stay in Fujian province less than 6 days, of which 3 days accounting for 23.15%. (4) Self-driving tourist market present an adjacent character, a clear character for eastbound development and the character concentrated on the cities.(5) The tourism special use curve of self-driving is consistent with curves of Boltzman. The number of tourists increase with distance and peaks at 800km, then the number of tourist shows a rapid decrease. On the whole, its gravity field concentrates on the scope of 1400km, and the accumulation percentage of tourists reaches 87%. Spatial characteristic of self-driving tourist network into Fujian province are shown in the following: (1) The status of network node present the inequality, the polarization between core nodes and periphery ones has been clear. (2) The spatial distribution of nodes is featured by weak concentration and strong dispersion, while the nodes of core region and primary region account for less. (3)On the whole, it is quite clear of the self-driving tourist flow hierarchical order , the self-driving tourist flow concentrates on higher scenic which located such as Siming District, Nanjing County, and Gulou District etc. Related Articles | Metrics