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15 February 2018, Volume 27 Issue 01 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Evolution and Spatial Distribution of the Urban System in Tanzania 2018, 27(01): 22-33.  Abstract ( )   PDF (574KB) ( )   Tanzania is one of the fastest growing countries in eastern Africa and has maintained close ties with China for the past three decades. Study on the evolution and spatial distribution of urban system in Tanzania could provide a reference for the local urban development policy, and potential avenues that can strengthen cooperation between China and Tanzania in urban construction. Based on the national census data and natural environmental data, method such as rank-size rule, standard deviation ellipse and urban development suitability were used to quantitatively analyze the evolution process and spatial distribution of Tanzania’s urban development. The findings indicated that: ①The urban scale distribution of Tanzanian had undergone a process of “unbalanced - balanced - unbalanced”, Dar es Salaam had absolute dominance in the urban system in the long-term, and this situation will continue to persist; ②The spatial distribution of the cities in Tanzanian showed the pattern of “northwest - southeast”, while the city distribution center was located in the eastern part of the central provinces, the urban expansion pattern was mainly concentrated on the northwest, west and southwest direction, and were consistent with the major transport corridor; ③The urban spatial distribution was affected by the natural environmental factors such as river, rainfall, vegetation, terrain and elevation, and high-grade cities tend to be distributed in areas with better soil and water conditions; ④The high urban development suitability zone was located in the central plateau between the east and west branches of the East African Great Rift Valley, and the eastern coastal along with southeastern plateau. The low urban development suitability zone was mainly found in the northeastern highland zone and extended to the southwest linking with the southern highland zone. The urban development suitability from northwest to southeast was basically dominated by “high - low - high” distribution pattern as a whole. The selection of new urban sites could give priority to the south part of the western section of central railway. Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation and spatial distinction of the coupling of population-land-industry elements in the counties of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region 2018, 27(01): 51-59.  Abstract ( )   PDF (652KB) ( )   Population, land, industry are the core elements of regional development, the variation trend and the coupling degree of which has a direct impact on the ability of regional sustainable development. Based on the elements evaluation model and coupling coordination degree model, the research analyzes the population, land industrial elements pattern and their coupling coordination pattern and reveals the law of spatial distinction of the coupling of population-land-industry elements in the counties of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region by using the sample data of 147 counties. The results show: ①the pattern of population, land and industrial elements has significant difference in space, which shows that the high value area is mainly distributed in Beijing and Tianjin and their surrounding counties because of the stronger population agglomeration ability, the higher industrial development level, the richer resources endowment and the stronger land input and output capacity, the low value area is mainly distributed in Bashang Plateau and Tai-hang Mountains in Hebei Province because of the weaker population agglomeration ability and the lower land input and output capacity, while the middle value area and sub-low value area is mainly distributed in Hebei Plain area which covering the largest number of counties. ②the coupling coordination pattern of population- land- industry in counties of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region shows alternate evolution characteristics with the flow of population element, the spatial agglomeration of industry and the improvement of economic development, which shows that the high value area of the degree of coupling coordination of population- land- industry elements is distributed in some counties of Beijing and Tianjin and around Beijing and Tianjin, the sub-high value area presents agglomeration distribution pattern centered on Shijiazhuang, Xingtai and Handan, the middle value area is distributed around the sub-high value area of Central and Southern Hebei Province, while the low value area is in northern Hebei Province. ③Province.the research divides the counties of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region into five coupling types by cluster analysis method, and proposes future development path of different types. Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatial Patterns and Spatio-temporal Characteristics in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region, 2000-2010 2018, 27(01): 60-71.  Abstract ( )   PDF (796KB) ( )   Based on the 2000 and 2010 land cover classification of China’s 30 m GLC data product (GlobeLand30), the construction land use data was extracted. This study evaluates the spatial pattern and change of construction land use from 2000 to 2010. A comprehensive method was used including spatial auto correlation, statistical analysis, land transformation model, and landscape index. The study seeks to provide guidance for the sustainable development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan. The main conclusions are as follows: the construction land of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan has experienced increasing rapidly, and Beijing city, Tianjin city and Shijiazhuang city have been the three construction land high density cores. The high density counties expand along the three principal axis of Beijing-Baoding-Shijiazhuang, Beijing-Tianjin, and Tangshan-Tianjin-Cangzhou. The highest growth counties distribute intensively in the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan region, especially the suburban districts of Beijing city, Tianjin city and Tangshan city. The results confirm the predominance of construction land expansion primarily over cultivated land, and the highest rate of crop land occupancy area mainly focused on the surrounding counties of Beijing city, Tianjin city and Tangshan city. The changes of the construction land patches in almost each district has extensive and disorder. The force of construction land use changes in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan is still the expansion of urban land and rural settlement land, undoubtedly affected by population and economic development, which is mainly in the population increasing, GDP, and fixed investments. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the spatial and temporal differences and coordination between urbanization and rural development level -Taking Chongqing as an example 2018, 27(01): 72-82.  Abstract ( )   PDF (723KB) ( )   Taking Chongqing as an example, this paper Constructing a comprehensive evaluation index system of the coordination degree of urbanization and rural development, Comprehensive application of entropy weight method and coordination degree model, to analyzes the spatial and temporal pattern of the level of urbanization and rural development in Chongqing and the degree of coordination between the two using cross section data of Chongqing in 2006 and 2015. Research results show that:①The level of urbanization and rural development has a positive correlation, that is, the higher the level of urbanization, the higher the level of rural development. The rural development level and the spatial distribution pattern of the urbanization level are roughly the same, namely the rural development level of the city and the circle areas is relatively high, whereas the rural development level of Southeast and Northeast Chongqing is relatively low.②From the research on temporal evolution, urbanization and rural development coordination degree is generally at the moderate stage of coordination, and showed a declining trend, the pace of rural development lags behind the urban development is the main cause of the development of urban and rural level coordination.③From the spatial pattern, Chongqing county urbanization and rural development level of coordination equilibrium is significant, and the reverse, as the urbanization is relatively low or high level coordination towns under the relatively high low level coordination, which is the main city of Chongqing and a region of urbanization and the rural development level is higher but the coordination degree is relatively low, and the two wings of the town southeast of Chongqing and Chongqing in the northeast and the low level of rural development coordination is relatively high, but also there is the gap between counties. Related Articles | Metrics

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Space evolution and difference of local financial expenditure and local financial revenue in Shanxi 2018, 27(01): 83-93.  Abstract ( )   PDF (777KB) ( )   By using regional gravity model and regional concentration index and consistency index analysis method, combining ArcGIS with E - Views analysis tools such as data from 1998 to 2015 in Shanxi Province and the evolution of spatial pattern of contrast analysis. Conclusion shows that the fiscal revenue of center of gravity position has been located in the center of gravity position of fiscal expenditure by east direction, the change trend of fiscal revenue and fiscal spending priorities are consistent, fiscal revenue center of gravity of volatility is greater than the volatility of fiscal spending priorities. Fiscal revenue and fiscal expenditure imbalance concentration distribution in low concentration of county were above accounted for 90% of the total county. Overall evolution pattern of the fiscal revenues and expenditures in Shanxi Province presents a "relative coordinate - not harmonious - tend to be coordinated development characteristics. When fiscal revenue or expenditure by impact, showed a significant positive reaction between each other, but the revenue impact on fiscal expenditure is more outstanding.The influence of the level of economic development, coal resources and the level of urbanization growth rate of fiscal revenue and expenditure in 2015 space coordination is the most significant. The influence of the level of economic development, coal resources and the level of urbanization growth rate of fiscal revenue and expenditure in 2015 space coordination is the most significant. Related Articles | Metrics

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Researches on Symbiotic Relationship between the Tibetan Buddhism Temple and the Villages in Highland Mountains of Northwest Yunnan Based on Social Space Perspective——A Case Study of Dongzhulin temple in Deqin County of Yunnan Province 2018, 27(01): 104-120.  Abstract ( )   PDF (870KB) ( )   The Tibetan Buddhist temples play important roles in Tibetan society whose features include high elevation,fragile ecological environment,unique ethnic and religious culture and underdeveloped economy.Each temple produces profound effect on living and production space pattern as well as social relationship of its surrounding villages. The villages vigorously support the development of temples.So,the temples make a long and highly relevant symbiotic relation,which present as corresponding spacial patterns and evolution mechanism.This study take Dongzhulin Temple located in plateau and mountainous environment as case to analyses the symbiotic relation between Tibetan Buddhist temple and its surrounding villages via qualitative study,questionnaire and GIS.The research result shows:different from other social space,the religiosity play irreplaceable functions on the formation and evolution of social space in Tibetan areas.The symbiotic relation between temple and villages have profound historical foundation,the religious belief as their a link,which make a interaction from ancient times to the present. In history,central and local government give the privileges to the temple for governing social and sacred space.On the one hand, the temple enlarged its influences on villages and other secular space via its authority and religiousness.On the other hand,the temple absorbed capitals, goods and other secular resources to maintain its survival and development. Because the villagers highly depend on temple in their religious life,the villages as secular space are willing to accept the influence came from temple as sacred space.The villagers voluntary supply the secular resources to the temple,its items include donation and gift.The flowing of faith,doctrine,materials and wealth maintain the development of the symbiotic space.With the society development,the means of livelihood,symbiotic factors and :religious piousness are undergoing changes.The natural terrain environment, distance,identity for temple,villagers` income and age form the spacial variation of circles and density.But,the symbiotic space and relation pattern between temple and villages have never been changed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the influence of Rural Poverty from the Perspective of Spatial Deprivation 2018, 27(01): 121-128.  Abstract ( )   PDF (709KB) ( )   The spatial deprivation, including a series of unfair activities to the rural regional resources, environment, society and population, is caused by rapid urbanization which also an important factor leading to the rural poverty. As the two major problems of unsustainable development, spatial deprivation and rural poverty have become an important focus of world attention. However, there are relatively few studies on the problem of rural poverty from the perspective of spatial deprivation and control measures. Rural poverty is associated with social development and spatial deprivation, as in different times, geospatial and cultural conditions, the problem of spatial deprivation and rural poverty presents a pluralistic of appearance and complexities, its research involves sociology, economics, geography and urban planning and other disciplines. To study the effects of rural poverty from the perspective of space deprivation, and discusses the rural community and rural poor demand from the spatial justice, then the paper is proposed control measures of space resource allocation, analysis the enlightenment of coordination development of urban and rural spatial in the future. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Hotspot Analysis of Volunteered Geographic Information 2018, 27(01): 129-140.  Abstract ( )   PDF (794KB) ( )   Volunteered geographic information is a new type of geographical information which distinguished by the traditional geographic information collection mode, which makes the ordinary citizen participate in the geography research and enriched the geographical data source, promoting new scientific cognition and research development of geography. In recent years, Volunteered geographic information related research has shown a rapid increasing trend. In order to grasp the overall situation of VGI research, research hotspots and research trend ,a database was created and consisted by the paper of volunteered geographic information from “Web of Science” database from 2007 to 2017,based on the CiteSpace software, visualization analysis the development status and main research hotspots of volunteered geographic information. Combined with literature reading, the theoretical and technical problems are analyzed and summarized. Since 2007, volunteered geographic information developing rapidly, its application is very extensive, involving a number of areas of disaster emergency monitoring, city management, environmental monitoring, tourism, agriculture, medical industry and so on. The hotspots of the study of volunteered geographic information in the world mainly focus on the citizen science, network and information technology, data and the application of volunteered geographic information, according to the development situation of volunteered geographic information in our country, China’s volunteered geographic information development and improvement in the future should be follow the four principles: standardization, mobile terminal, automation, expansion. In the process of the construction of the next generation of digital earth, volunteered geographic information can be used for developing the global production of geographic data. At the same time, the investigation and analysis of micro individual behavior and the analysis of Big Geo-Data based on volunteered geographic information are important research directions in the future. Related Articles | Metrics

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Mapping Intellectual Structures of Administrative Division Research in Recent 20 Years—— CitespaceⅢ Analysis Based on Data from CSSCI Database 2018, 27(01): 141-150.  Abstract ( )   PDF (812KB) ( )   Abstract: Recent years, the administrative division research experiences thinking shift and rapidly growth. The theoretical system has been improved, and the practice of exploration has also attracted highly attention. Promoting the upper building to adapt to the economic base necessitates deepening the reform of the administrative system, optimizing the administrative level and administrative division. This paper adopted CiteSpaceⅢ to mining the research team, knowledge base, research theme, change of the path and its cutting edge of the administrative division. It is found that, ① the number of related literatures of administrative division has changed significantly in the past two decades, and the year 2006 is certain period which the number of published literatures is the largest. The related research has focused on the field of economics, and the economic geography journals are the headquarters of administrative division; ② The main research team has gradually formed. According to the region, they can be divided into five categories, namely, North China, East China, South China, South China and Southwest; its common knowledge base is clear, and have not yet formed a strong branch of discipline; ③ Literature cited analysis shows that works of Junde Liu takes the largest proportion in the classic literatures, which accounts 40%, he is a well-deserved thumb in this field; ④ Research hotspot shows that its development path is broadly divided into administrative divisions-adjustment and reform, regionalization-urbanization, zoning-the regional economy and zoning - historical category. Corresponding main research contents are reformation, local system, efficiency, urban agglomeration, urbanization, regional development, scale effect and historical zoning, discipline development; ⑤Research frontier is divided into urbanization（during the year of 1999-2002）, regional urbanization（during the year of 2004-2009）and system reformation（during the year of 2010-2014）. Related Articles | Metrics

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Popularity-based Destination Segmentation of tourists from Mainland China to Japan and its tendency of changing during 2007 to 2015 2018, 27(01): 151-158.  Abstract ( )   PDF (813KB) ( )   Outbound tourism of Mainland China to Japan has been increasing significantly, and Mainland China has already become the biggest market for Japan’s inbound tourism. According to the statistical data of JTA, analyses on tourist accomodation from Mainland China to each prefecture are conducted, using EXCEL and ARCGIS. Results show that: in 2015,Outbound tourism from Mainland China diverges from the centre of Japan and meanwhile the north and the south part also show a rapid increase; 47 prefectures can be divided in to Hot Zone, Warm Zone and Cold Zone; Based on the number of tourist from Mainland China and its annual average growth rate in each prefecture, prefectures can be divided into developing main destinations, developed main destinations, developing potential destinations and frontier destinations. Related Articles | Metrics

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Review and Progress of Geographical Study on Tourism in Japan 2018, 27(01): 159-166.  Abstract ( )   PDF (726KB) ( )   The geographical research on tourism in Japan can be traced back to 1920s. Its development process can be divided into three stages. The period before 1960s is the stage in germination, which is characterized by the scattered studies about skiing and hot springs tourism settlements. The second stage, also a new era, is from 1960s to 1980s. The research subjects involved the metropolitan tourism circle, tourism areas and tourism resources. After 1980s, it pays attention to rethinking of mass tourism and soft tourism, and new tourism was the focus of studies. Geographical research on tourism in Japan is mainly occupied by hot springs, skiing, and other various types of tourism destinations research. Studies of tourist flow, tourism space, new tourism and destination based tourism currently are relatively few. Overall, themes of tourism geographical research in Japan have continuity and the content and practice are closely linked. However, there is a dependency in terms of the basis of theory. In the future, the research will show the diversity of content and research methods based on the new tourism development. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the distribution characteristics and utilization of the intangible cultural heritage tourism resources in Liaoning Province:Based on GIS statistical analysis method 2018, 27(01): 167-176.  Abstract ( )   PDF (851KB) ( )   Abstract: Analyze the type structure, spatial distribution characteristics of city and county scales of intangible cultural heritage tourism resources in Liaoning Province based on based on statistical analysis and GIS spatial analysis technology, research shows that:1)The level structure of the heritage is characterized by that the most items are at provincial level, art and traditional skills dominate;2)Intangible cultural heritages tourism resources are concentrated distributed, forms one Shenyang as the core area of polar nuclei zone,five high density core areas which distributed in Fuxin,Jinzhou,Liaoyang,Anshan,Dalian and Dandong, and four secondary core areas distributed in Xiuyan Manchu Autonomous County and Xinbing Manchu Autonomous County;3)Folk literature, traditional sports, entertainments and acrobatics, traditional medicine, traditional music, traditional dancing and folk activities are highly concentrated, other types distribution are more balanced;4)The number and density of intangible cultural heritage tourism resources of four cities included Shenyang, Dalian, Jinzhou and Anshan above the average. Degree of dominance analysis results shows that Shenyang is the most densely populated area,Dalian,Anshan,Chaoyang, Jinzhou and Benxi are the more concentration areas;5)It puts forward regional using feasible modes based on the analysis results of the intangible cultural heritage tourism resources, different area can put into practice dominant models and adjunct models coexist using resource advantage. Key words:intangible cultural heritage;spatial analysis;tourism development mode;Liaoning Province Related Articles | Metrics