中国对RCEP国家能源投资布局与风险的时空特征

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2022.04.20222004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

能源投资是《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》（RCEP）重要的推进内容，也是中国开展周边能源合作、保障能源安全的有力措施。基于2005—2021年中国对RCEP成员国的能源投资数据及联合国投票结果，借助构建的投资风险指数和GIS空间技术等手段，探讨了中国对RCEP国家能源投资布局与风险的时空特征。研究发现：①RCEP国家在中国对外能源投资中的地位尤为突出，新能源领域已成为中国企业投资布局的新增长极；②中国对RCEP国家的能源投资格局呈阶梯化和多元化并存之势，遵循着国企领衔、中外合建下滑、绿地投资缓慢的企业进入模式；③RCEP区域整体投资环境显著恶化，政策环境构成中南半岛能源投资长期短板，政治关系恶化严重冲击中国与澳大利亚的能源合作。研究结果对于中国能源对外布局有所启示。

关键词: RCEP, 能源投资, 投资风险, 空间格局, 南海周边

Abstract:

Energy investment is not only an important part of RCEP promotion, but also a powerful measure to carry out China's surrounding energy cooperation and ensure energy security. This paper uses the data from 2005 to 2021, including China's energy investment in RCEP members, and the UN voting data. Then it discusses the spatio-temporal characteristics of China's energy investment layout and risk in RCEP countries by means of investment risk index and GIS spatial technology. The following conclusions can be drawn. Firstly, RCEP members play a particularly prominent role in China's foreign energy investment, and new energy has become a new growth pole for Chinese enterprises' investment layout. Secondly, the pattern of China's energy investment in RCEP countries presents a trend of coexistence of ladders and diversification. Chinese enterprises follow the entry model of led by state-owned enterprises, with Sino-foreign joint venture and greenfield investment in the minority. Finally, the overall investment environment in the RCEP region has deteriorated significantly, and the policy environment constitutes a long-term shortcoming of energy investment risks in the Indo-China Peninsula. The deterioration of political relations has severely impacted the energy cooperation between China and Australia. The results of this study have implications for China's energy external layout.

Key words: RCEP, energy investment, investment risk, spatial pattern, the periphery area of South China Sea

夏启繁. 中国对RCEP国家能源投资布局与风险的时空特征[J]. 世界地理研究, 2022, 31(4): 814-826.

Qifan XIA. The spatio-temporal characteristics of China's energy investment layout and risk in RCEP countries[J]. World Regional Studies, 2022, 31(4): 814-826.

参考文献 35

1	华东师范大学全球创新与发展研究院. 中美科技竞争力发展报告. 上海: 华东师范大学出版社, 2019.
	Institute for global innovation & development, East China Normal University. China-U.S. Science and Technology Competitiveness Assessment Report. Shanghai: East China Normal University Press, 2019.
2	杜德斌, 段德忠, 夏启繁.中美科技竞争力比较研究, 世界地理研究, 2019, 28(4):1-11.
	DU D, DUAN D, XIA Q. A comparative study of Sino-US science and technology competitiveness. World Regional Studies, 2019, 28(4):1-11.
3	魏楚,朱蓓. RCEP对能源领域影响几何.(2020-12-02) [2022-06-01]..
	WEI C, ZHU B. How does RCEP affect the energy sector? (2020-12-02) [2022-06-01]. .
4	吴若楠.中国对RCEP国家的直接投资与出口技术复杂度.价格月刊,2022(3):55-61.
	WU R. China's direct investment and export technology complexity to RCEP countries. Prices Monthly, 2022(3):55-61.
5	沈铭辉,修青华.RCEP贸易与投资条款解读.中国外汇,2020(24):36-39.
	SHEN M, XIU Q. Interpretation of RCEP trade and investment terms. China Forex, 2020(24):36-39.
6	张礼卿,孙瑾.RCEP投资便利化条款及其影响.长安大学学报(社会科学版),2021,23(2):24-29.
	ZHANG L, SUN J. RCEP investment facilitation provisions and their implications. Journal of Chang'an University (Social Science Edition),2021,23(2):24-29.
7	费婧蓉.RCEP发展历程与我国贸易投资现状及问题.河北金融,2021(12):45-48+65.
	FEI J. The development of RCEP and the current situation and problems of China's trade and investment. Hebei Finance, 2021(12):45-48+65.
8	文枫. RCEP生效后中企将加速投资东盟.中国对外贸易,2021(6):33.
	WEN F. Chinese enterprises will accelerate investment in ASEAN after RCEP takes effect. China's Foreign Trade, 2021(6):33.
9	周鸿,陈瑛,齐慧. RCEP背景下东盟十国投资环境与业绩协调发展研究.资源开发与市场,2021,37(8):934-939+946.
	ZHOU H, CHEN Y, QI H. Research on the coordinated development of investment environment and performance in ten ASEAN countries under the background of RCEP. Resource Development & Market, 2021,37(8):934-939+946.
10	郭艳,林奕杉.RCEP助力中马经贸合作投资领域持续拓宽.中国对外贸易,2021(9):64-65.
	GUO Y, LIN Y. RCEP helps to continuously expand the investment field of China Malaysia Economic and trade cooperation. China's Foreign Trade, 2021(9):64-65.
11	刘国民. RCEP框架下对日投资的机遇. 中国贸易报,2021-08-12(004).
	LIU G. Opportunities for investment in Japan under the framework of RCEP. China Trade News, 2021-08-12(004).
12	石琳琳,常志有.中国对RCEP国家直接投资的动因研究.现代商业,2021(34):12-14.
	SHI L, CHANG Z. Research on the motivation of China's direct investment in RCEP countries. Modern Business, 2021(34):12-14.
13	南楠,程中海,周海燕.中国对RCEP成员国直接投资效率及影响因素研究.亚太经济,2021(4):93-101.
	NAN N, CHENG Z, ZHOU H. Research on China's direct investment efficiency and influencing factors of RCEP partners. Asia-pacific Economic Review, 2021(4):93-101.
14	程云洁,张志芳.中国对RCEP成员国直接投资的效率与潜力分析.兰州财经大学学报,2021,37(6):10-22.
	CHENG Y, ZHANG Z. Analysis on the efficiency and potential of China's direct investment in RCEP member countries. Journal of Lanzhou University of Finance and Economics, 2021,37(6):10-22.
15	赵翊钧,邓茜.中国对RCEP国家直接投资的时空特征及影响因素.广西大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2021,43(4):116-121.
	ZHAO Y, DENG X. The spatial distribution of China's OFDI in RCEP countries and its influencing factors. Journal of Guangxi University (Philosophy and Social Science), 2021,43(4):116-121.
16	申玉泓,罗芳,陈昊澜.中国对RCEP成员国直接投资区位选择的影响因素研究.中国物价,2021(9):25-27.
	SHEN Y, LUO F, CHEN H. Research on the factors influencing the location choice of China's direct investment in RCEP member countries. China Price, 2021(9):25-27.
17	黄萍,刘帅,朱佳怡.RCEP投资规则对中国双向直接投资的影响与策略选择.对外经贸实务,2021(9):29-32.
	HUANG P, LIU S, ZHU J. The influence of RCEP investment rules on China's two-way direct investment and its strategic choice. Practice in Foreign Economic Relations and Trade, 2021(9):29-32.
18	张洁,秦川乂,毛海涛. RCEP、全球价值链与异质性消费者贸易利益.经济研究,2022,57(3):49-64.
	ZHANG J, QIN C, MAO H. RCEP, global value chain and the gains from trade of heterogeneous consumers. Economic Research Journal, 2022,57(3):49-64.
19	汪念宜. 中国对RCEP国家直接投资的技术溢出效应研究.成都: 西华大学,2021.
	WANG N. A study on the technology spillover effect of China's direct investment in RCEP countries.Chengdu: Xihua University, 2021
20	宾建成,康邦丹,魏松.利用RCEP促进长三角地区对外贸易与外商投资的发展.经济论坛,2022(3):79-85.
	BIN J, KANG B, WEI S. Using RCEP to promote the development of foreign trade and foreign investment in the Yangtze River delta region. Economic Forum, 2022(3):79-85.
21	张莹.中国对RCEP国家投资风险研究.商业经济,2022(7):81-82+121.
	ZHANG Y. Research on China's investment risk in RCEP countries. Business & Economy, 2022(7):81-82+121.
22	邓有芳,方友熙."RCEP"区域直接投资的国别风险研究.对外经贸实务,2022(3):88-91.
	DENG Y, FANG Y. Research on country risk of direct investment in "RCEP" region. Practice in Foreign Economic Relations and Trade, 2022(3):88-91.
23	张晓君,曹云松.RCEP区域投资机遇下的风险与应对.国际商务研究,2021,42(5):1121.
	ZHANG X, CAO Y. Opportunities and challenges of RCEP regional investment. International Business Research, 2021,42(5):1121.
24	杨宇. 中国与全球能源网络的互动逻辑与格局转变. 地理学报, 2022, 77(2): 295-314.
	YANG Y. Energy globalization of China: Interaction logic and spatial transition. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2022, 77(2): 295-314.
25	陈继勇,李知睿.中国对"一带一路"沿线国家直接投资的风险及其防范.经济地理,2018,38(12):10-15+24.
	CHEN J, LI Z. China's risks and prevention of outward foreign direct investment in countries along "the Belt and Road". Economic Geography, 2018,38(12):10-15+24.
26	刘海猛, 胡森林, 方恺, 等. "一带一路"沿线国家政治-经济-社会风险综合评估及防控. 地理研究, 2019, 38(12): 2966-2984.
	LIU H, HU S, FANG K, et al. A comprehensive assessment of political, economic and social risks and their prevention for the countries along the Belt and Road. Geographical Research, 2019, 38(12): 2966-2984.
27	NGUYEN T, PHAM B, SALA H. Being an emerging economy: To what extent do geopolitical risks hamper technology and FDI inflows?. Economic Analysis and Policy, 2022(74): 728-746.
28	洪菊花,骆华松,梁茂林,等."一带一路"重大项目地缘风险研究.人文地理,2018,33(1):130-136.
	HONG J, LUO H, LIANG M, et al. Study on the geopolitical risks of major projects of 'the belt and road initiative'. Human Geography,2018,33(1):130-136.
29	赵赛,胡必亮.投资风险与中国对外直接投资的区位选择.统计与决策,2022,38(9):153-158.
	ZHANG S, HU B. Investment risk and location choice of China's foreign direct investment. Statistics & Decision, 2022,38(9):153-158.
30	DE GROOT H, LINDERS G, RIETVELD P, et al. The institutional determinants of bilateral trade patterns. Kyklos, 2004, 57(1): 103-123.
31	夏启繁, 杜德斌, 段德忠,等. 中国稀土对外贸易格局演化及影响因素.地理学报, 2022,77(4): 976-995.
	XIA Q, DU D, DUAN D, et al. Evolution and influencing factors of China's foreign trade in rare earth metals. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2022, 77(4): 976-995.
32	TURNER J. Party and Constituency: Pressures on Congress. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press, 1952.
33	曾文革,王怡.中国—东盟«投资协议»实施探究.经济问题探索,2010(4):147-151.
	ZENG W, WANG Y. Research on the implementation of China ASEAN Investment Agreement. Inquiry into Economic Issues, 2010(4):147-151.
34	张国旺.中国—东盟自由贸易区:进程与动因.经济研究导刊,2013(22):265-267.
	ZHANG G. SINO-ASEAN Free Trade Area: process and motivation. Economic Research Guide, 2013(22):265-267.
35	马丽梅,史丹,裴庆冰.中国能源低碳转型(2015—2050):可再生能源发展与可行路径.中国人口·资源与环境,2018,28(2):8-18.
	MA L, SHI D, PEI Q. Low-carbon transformation of China's energy in 2015-2050: renewable energy development and feasible path. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2018,28(2):8-18.

[1]	初楠臣, 张平宇, 吴相利, 徐爽, 史晓楠. 俄罗斯新冠肺炎疫情的扩散：过程、格局与影响因素研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2023, 32(3): 41-51.
[2]	韩昊英, 陈宇, 张小东, 蒋懿康. 新冠疫情下城市应急医疗设施空间配置评价研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2023, 32(1): 162-173.
[3]	王丽敏, 吴相利, 刘凡, 张少铎. CEO空间经历对中国民营企业500强总部区位选择影响分析[J]. 世界地理研究, 2023, 32(1): 67-79.
[4]	孟克祖勒, 阎建忠, 王三. 重庆市主城区休闲设施空间格局变化及其解释[J]. 世界地理研究, 2022, 31(5): 1057-1069.
[5]	张家旗, 关小克, 王肖惠. 郑州市旅游资源空间格局特征及便利度评价[J]. 世界地理研究, 2022, 31(5): 998-1008.
[6]	陶蕾, 宋周莺. RCEP自贸区的建立及其成员国间贸易格局演化[J]. 世界地理研究, 2022, 31(4): 800-813.
[7]	吴丽君, 朱宇, 颜俊, 柯文前, 林李月. “一带一路”沿线国家或地区间人口迁移的空间格局及其演化特征[J]. 世界地理研究, 2022, 31(2): 249-258.
[8]	吴丹丹, 吴杨, 马仁锋, 余建辉, 冯学钢. 浙江美丽乡村空间格局及可持续发展模式研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2022, 31(2): 363-375.
[9]	应奎, 李旭东. 中国人口死亡率空间格局演变及其影响因素[J]. 世界地理研究, 2022, 31(2): 440-452.
[10]	初楠臣, 张平宇, 吴相利, 李鹤, 杨奇峰. 21世纪以来俄罗斯人口增长与空间分布格局变化[J]. 世界地理研究, 2021, 30(6): 1115-1126.
[11]	洪四烨, 肖时珍, 朱孟. 非洲世界遗产的现状分析及申遗策略研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2021, 30(6): 1187-1198.
[12]	苏建军, 关丽, 张毓. 丝绸之路经济带沿线国家旅游资源与入境旅游发展空间格局特征与差异[J]. 世界地理研究, 2021, 30(3): 509-519.
[13]	初楠臣, 张平宇, 吴相利, 李鹤. 俄罗斯城镇化发展水平测度及空间分异[J]. 世界地理研究, 2021, 30(2): 257-266.
[14]	陈青雁, 王鹏, 钟业喜. 中国民营上市企业总部空间格局及影响因素[J]. 世界地理研究, 2020, 29(5): 996-1005.
[15]	董晔, 师心琪. 基于地缘位势理论的中国对巴基斯坦投资对策研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2020, 29(4): 708-716.