Abstract:

Strategic key metals have a wide range of uses and are the focus of a new round of international competition in emerging industries, and the improvement of their industrial competitiveness and high-quality development are of strategic importance to safeguard national resources and economic security. Based on Porter's diamond model, this paper adopts the improved panel data qualitative comparative analysis (PD-QCA) method in R language environment to study the representative panel data of four metals, namely, tungsten, cobalt, antimony, and lithium, from 2020 to 2022. The results found that: a single condition does not constitute a necessary condition for the improvement of international competitiveness; the overall explanatory strength of the group is still strong, and the explanatory strength of group 1 for the improvement of international competitiveness is robust; there is a certain degree of "non-beneficial bias" in group 1 and 2, and the consistency is significantly higher than that of cobalt in the cases of tungsten, antimony, and lithium. It is concluded that: the international competitiveness of strategic key metals is affected by multiple factors and driven by two group paths; the expansion of domestic demand is an important support for the improvement of international competitiveness; and the explanatory strength of the improvement of international competitiveness due to peer competition shows a decreasing trend in the case years.

Key words: strategic metals, international competitiveness, Porter's diamond model, Panel Data QCA

摘要：

战略性关键金属具有广泛用途，是国际新一轮新兴产业竞争的焦点，其产业竞争力的提升和高质量发展对保障国家资源、经济安全具有重要的战略意义。以波特钻石模型为基础，在R语言环境下采用改进的面板数据定性比较分析（PD-QCA）方法，对2020—2022年具有代表性的钨、钴、锑、锂4种金属的面板数据进行研究。结果发现：单一条件不构成国际竞争力提升的必要条件；组态整体解释力度仍较强，组态1对国际竞争力提升的解释力度具有鲁棒性；组态1和组态2存在一定的“非良性偏差”，钨、锑和锂中的一致性都显著高于钴。研究认为，战略性关键金属的国际竞争力受多重因素影响且存在两条组态路径驱动；扩大内需是国际竞争力提升的重要支撑；同业竞争对国际竞争力提升的解释力度在案例年份呈下降趋势。

关键词: 战略性关键金属, 国际竞争力, 波特钻石模型, PD-QCA