Abstract: The Nansha islands, Xisha islands and other islands in the South China Sea have always been one part of China's territory, but now there are a great number of disputes in this area, making it one of the hot spots in the world. What is more，the political, military, economic and geopolitical environment surrounding of the South China Sea region has become more and more complex. In this article，the formation of the South China Sea issue is discussed from the perspective of geopolitical environment analysis. The result shows that the South China Sea issue is a complex problem which related to multiple-layered interests, including intra-area countries, the intervening countries outside the area, and associated international organizations. Stability Maintenance of the South China Sea will inevitably depend on the consideration of the geopolitical environment of greater neighborhood of this region.

摘要： 南海的西沙、南沙等历来是中国的领土，但如今海洋国土存在重大争议，南海已经成为世界上最复杂、最紧张的水域之一，南海周边的政治、军事、经济地缘环境也越来越为复杂。本文以南海问题为切入点，基于南海地理区位中的要素联系对南海周边国家的地缘环境进行探讨。结果得出：南海问题是涉及多元利益和跨国机构关联的复杂问题，南海周边是一个包含域内争端国家、域外干涉国家和具有复杂组织机构关联的“大”周边，南海周边地缘环境是超出地理毗邻的“大”地缘环境，中国南海的维权维稳势必要在域内双边地缘环境、域外多边地缘环境、国际多元多边地缘环境等构成的大周边地缘环境下做出战略决策。

关键词: color: black, font-size: 9pt, mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman', mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman', mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman', mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt, mso-ansi-language: EN-US, mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN, mso-bidi-language: AR-SA, mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">地缘环境, 关联, 域内争端国家, 域外干涉国家, 南海问题