Abstract: China's surrounding geopolitical environment is extremely complex, the geopolitical environment analysis and research based on the spatial differentiation are needed. Existing geopolitical environment studies, however, neither put forward a complete geopolitical environment regionalization methods, nor give a corresponding geopolitical environment regionalization map. This study integrated geopolitics, international relations, geography and other disciplines’ knowledge, and draw lessons from the conventional regionalization method in geography, then build a geographical spatial unit regionalization method. The method consists of three parts, regionalization principle, process and multi-index comprehensive evaluation model. With this method, the four countries (India, Pakistan, Nepal and Bhutan) of South Asia are divided into four levels of geopolitical environmental unit, 19 of level 3 units and 9 of level 4 units. The results show that, this method helps to quickly grasp the overall pattern of surrounding geopolitical environment, especially deepen the understanding of geopolitical environment situation in the key areas.

摘要： 中国处于亚洲东部中央，邻国众多，周边地缘环境极其复杂，需要开展以空间分异为基础的地缘环境分析与研究。然而，现有的地缘环境研究并没有提出完整的地缘环境区划方法，也没有给出相应的地缘环境单元划分方案。本研究综合地缘政治、国际关系、地理学等学科的知识，参考地理学中传统区划方法的思路，构建地缘单元划分方法。该方法包括地缘环境单元划分原则、地缘环境单元划分流程、多指标综合评价模型三个部分。应用于南亚四国后，将南亚四国划分为四级地缘环境单元，其中三级地缘环境单元有19个，四级地缘环境单元有9个。南亚四国地缘环境单元分区的实例研究表明，该方法有助于快速把握周边地缘环境的总体格局，加深对重点地区地缘环境态势的认识，能为周边外交和周边地缘环境分析提供技术方法支持。