Abstract:

China's overseas economic and trade cooperation zones (COETCZ) have become an important platform for Chinese enterprises to "go global". How to achieve high-quality development of COETCZ is the realistic demand of the Belt and Road Initiative. Therefore, based on the field survey of COETCZ in Southeast Asia, this paper summarizes the construction modes of COETCZ in different development stages and the development strategies adopted, in order to provide experience reference for COETCZ to achieve high-quality development. For the construction of COETCZ in southeast Asia, the construction modes and development strategies adopted in different development stages are selected as follows :(1) In the initial stage of investment, the construction tasks completed include confirming location selection, selecting investment and financing modes and formulating park planning. According to the differences of the development experience and the national conditions of the host country, the location selection strategy of the park developers can be divided into two models. According to the difference of capital capacity and land ownership of host country, there are three investment and financing modes. According to the differences in the construction experience of the park developers, there are two development strategies. (2) During the development and construction period, the completed construction tasks include the development and construction of infrastructure and investment attraction. According to the differences of park developers' development and construction experience and capital capacity, the development and construction of infrastructure can be divided into three strategies. According to the difference of the attraction ability of developers in the park, the attraction work has formed three modes. (3) During the operation and management period, the construction tasks completed include improving operation and management and integrating into the local environment. According to the operation management ability of park developers and the degree of policy support of host country, the strategy selection for improving operation management can be divided into three types. In terms of the strategy selection of integration into the local environment, specific development strategies of different park developers vary greatly, but can be generally divided into three types.

Key words: The Belt and Road, China's Overseas Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone (COETCZ), development strategy, construction stage, Southeast Asia

摘要：

中国境外经贸合作区已成为中国企业“走出去”的重要平台，如何实现中国境外经贸合作区高质量发展是“一带一路”建设的现实需求。中国境外经贸合作区的开发建设是一个复杂的、动态性的、长周期的过程，已有研究对中国境外经贸合作区的发展策略的归纳总结尚处于起步阶段。因此，本文基于对东南亚的中国境外经贸合作区实地调研，归纳总结中国境外经贸合作区的不同发展阶段的建设模式以及所采取的发展策略，以期为中国境外经贸合作区实现高质量发展提供经验参考。针对东南亚的中国境外经贸合作区的建设，不同发展阶段的建设模式以及所采取的发展策略选择如下：（1）投资起步期，完成的建设任务包括确认区位选址工作、选择投融资模式和制定园区规划。根据园区开发商自身开发建设经验和东道国国情差异，区位选址工作的策略可分为园区开发商主导、东道国企业协助和东道国政府主导；根据园区开发商的资金能力和东道国土地所有制差异，选择投融资模式的策略有企业独资、企业合资与政企合资三种；按园区开发商建设经验差异，在选择专业机构合作为园区制定园区规划时可分为倾向更好的合作基础与倾向更大的知名度两种策略。（2）开发建设期，完成的建设任务包括基础设施的开发建设和招商引资工作。按园区开发商的园区开发建设经验与资金能力差异，基础设施的开发建设有园区开发商主导、东道国合作企业参与、外包策略三种策略；按园区开发商的招商引资能力的差异性，招商引资工作形成了开发商主导、政府支持及专业机构支持三种模式。（3）运营管理期，完成的建设任务包括完善运营管理工作和融入当地环境。根据园区开发商自身运营管理能力及东道国政策支持程度，完善运营管理工作的策略选择可分为园区开发商主导、运营商主导和政企主导三种；在融入当地环境的策略选择上，不同园区开发商的具体发展策略差异较大，但总的可分为园区开发商主导、东道国企业参与和政府支持三种。

关键词: “一带一路”, 中国境外经贸合作区, 发展策略, 建设阶段, 东南亚