Theoretical basis and scientific issues of manufacturing spatial reconstruction in the export-oriented economic area

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2021.02.2019322

Abstract

Abstract:

At present, a new round of international industrial transfer and economic transformation in our country formed the historic intersection, showing a wide range of different processes and multi-scale spatial effects.With the enterprise migration and emigration, the decline of the old industrial area and the growth of the new industrial area coexistent in the Pearl River Delta,The manufacturing industry began a dramatic reconstruction. It is different from the diffusion process between the core and the periphery described by the "core-edge" theory. It is the spatial differentiation which means growth and recession coexists within the core region. Scientific issues such as diversified process of agglomeration and diffusion of manufacturing enterprises, diversification process of diffusion, multi-scale spatial effect of economic regional evolution, multi-power mechanism of manufacturing spatial reconstruction need to be deeply studied in the new era. A theoretical analysis framework from enterprise location to economic region evolution should be established, which includes the process of pluralistic location of enterprises, multi-scale spatial effects and multiple power mechanism. In order to explore the theory of industrial agglomeration and diffusion in accordance, and to provide the scientific basis for our country to actively respond to the new round of international industrial transfer and actively plan for transformation and development. We need to explore the theory of industrial agglomeration and diffusion in accordance with the background of the era and our native country, so as to provide scientific advices for our country to actively respond to the new round of international industrial transfer and actively plan for transformation and development.

Key words: location, industry transfer, industrial space, production network, power mechanism

摘要：

当前，新一轮国际产业转移与我国经济转型形成历史性交汇，表现出不同以往的多元化过程与不同尺度的空间响应。我国以珠三角为代表的外向型经济区内部出现企业迁入与迁出并存、旧产业区衰退与新产业区增长并存的新现象。这一新现象与经典的“核心-边缘”理论所描述的核心与外围之间的集聚、扩散过程有很大区别，是核心区域内部，在集聚、扩散效应的共同作用下，同时出现增长与衰退的空间分化。需要深入研究新时期制造业企业集聚、扩散的多元化过程、经济区域演化的多尺度空间效应、制造业空间重构的多重动力机制等科学议题，从“多元化区位过程-多尺度空间效应-多重动力机制”，建立一个从企业区位到经济区域演化的理论分析框架，探索符合时代背景与我国国情的产业集聚和扩散理论，为我国外向型经济区积极应对新一轮国际产业转移，主动谋划转型与发展提供科学依据。

关键词: 区位, 产业转移, 产业空间, 生产网络, 动力机制

Yuyao YE, Hong'ou ZHANG, Yang WANG, Kangmin WU, Qitao WU, Yanhua CHEN, Zhiwei DU. Theoretical basis and scientific issues of manufacturing spatial reconstruction in the export-oriented economic area[J]. World Regional Studies, 2021, 30(2): 331-343.

叶玉瑶, 张虹鸥, 王洋, 吴康敏, 吴旗韬, 陈艳华, 杜志威. 中国外向型经济区制造业空间重构的理论基础与科学议题[J]. 世界地理研究, 2021, 30(2): 331-343.

Figures/Tables 5

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时间	产业转移的背景	产业转移的路径	产业转移类型
20世纪50年代末	发达国家福特主义生产方式的危机出现，开始了长达20多年的经济结构调整过程	单向：美国→日本、联邦德国等地区	钢铁、纺织等资源、劳动密集型产业
20世纪60、70年代	发达资本主义国家以信息技术、微电子技术为标志的第三次科技革命	单向：美国、日本、德国→亚洲“四小龙”和部分拉美国家	轻工、纺织、机电等劳动密集型产业
20世纪 80年代	全球化、跨国公司战略调整，技术、创新，后福特主义的柔性生产代替大规模的工业化生产	单向：美国、日本、亚洲“四小龙”等→中国东部沿海	劳动密集型、一般技术密集型产业
2008年后	全球金融危机、智能制造、移动互联网、发达国家“再工业化”、发展中国家“制造业争夺”、中国经济“新常态”、“中国制造2025”、“一带一路”制度创新	多重路径：欧美→中国等发展中国家；中国沿海→中国内陆、东南亚等；中国→美国、欧洲	劳动密集型产业；技术密集型产业。

时间	产业转移的背景	产业转移的路径	产业转移类型
20世纪50年代末	发达国家福特主义生产方式的危机出现，开始了长达20多年的经济结构调整过程	单向：美国→日本、联邦德国等地区	钢铁、纺织等资源、劳动密集型产业
20世纪60、70年代	发达资本主义国家以信息技术、微电子技术为标志的第三次科技革命	单向：美国、日本、德国→亚洲“四小龙”和部分拉美国家	轻工、纺织、机电等劳动密集型产业
20世纪 80年代	全球化、跨国公司战略调整，技术、创新，后福特主义的柔性生产代替大规模的工业化生产	单向：美国、日本、亚洲“四小龙”等→中国东部沿海	劳动密集型、一般技术密集型产业
2008年后	全球金融危机、智能制造、移动互联网、发达国家“再工业化”、发展中国家“制造业争夺”、中国经济“新常态”、“中国制造2025”、“一带一路”制度创新	多重路径：欧美→中国等发展中国家；中国沿海→中国内陆、东南亚等；中国→美国、欧洲	劳动密集型产业；技术密集型产业。

迁移类别	迁出（退出）	迁入	回流
成本响应型被动迁移	★★★★★		★
环境规制型被动迁移	★★
规模扩张型主动迁移	★★	★★★★	★
创新驱动型主动迁移	★★	★★★★	★
战略引导型迁移	★★★	★★	★★★

迁移类别	迁出（退出）	迁入	回流
成本响应型被动迁移	★★★★★		★
环境规制型被动迁移	★★
规模扩张型主动迁移	★★	★★★★	★
创新驱动型主动迁移	★★	★★★★	★
战略引导型迁移	★★★	★★	★★★

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