Spatial differentiation and influencing factors of coupled synergies between cultural resource advantages and recreational development vitality in Northwest Yunnan Province

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2025.12.20240330

Abstract

Abstract:

The coupling of cultural resource advantages and recreational development vitality is of great significance for constructing a new development pattern in the region and promoting the high-quality development of the regional culture and tourism industry. Based on multi-source data, the cultural resource background characteristics of Northwest Yunnan are analyzed using average nearest neighbor, standard ellipse deviation, kernel density analysis, and location entropy. Combined with the relative development degree model, the coupling coordination degree model and the geodetector model, the spatial differentiation and influencing factors of the coupling coordination of the cultural resources aggregation advantage and recreation development vitality in Northwest Yunnan are analyzed. The results show that: ① Cultural resources in the region of Northwest Yunnan have become aggregated and distributed, and have more significant directional characteristics, forming an obvious high-density core area, while the results of location entropy show that there are regional differences in the types of cultural resource advantages in different regions of Northwest Yunnan; ② The relative degree of development and coupling coordination of the aggregated advantages of cultural resource elements and the vitality of recreation and development in the 24 county-level administrative regions in Northwest Yunnan have spatial heterogeneity;③The results of geo-detectors show that the influence of suitable habitat, convenient transportation accessibility and the level of economic and social development of regional towns and villages on the coupling and integration of the two has a one-way and interactive effect.

Key words: cultural resource advantage, recreational development vitality, coupling and coordination, spatial differentiation, Northwest Yunnan Province

摘要：

文化资源优势与游憩发展活力的耦合互馈对于构建区域发展新格局和推动区域文旅产业高质量发展具有重要意义。利用多源数据，通过平均最近邻、标准椭圆差、核密度和区位熵方法，对滇西北的文化资源本底特征进行分析。采用相对发展度模型、耦合协调度模型及地理探测器模型对滇西北文化资源集聚优势和游憩发展活力耦合协调的空间分异及影响因素进行分析。结果表明：①滇西北区域内文化资源呈集聚分布，且具有较显著的方向性特征，形成了明显的高密度核心区，同时区位熵的结果显示，滇西北不同区域的文化资源优势类型存在差异；②滇西北24个县级行政区区域文化资源要素集聚优势和游憩发展活力的相对发展程度和耦合协调水平存在空间异质性，耦合协调以失调型为主；③地理探测器结果表明，生境适宜性、交通可达性以及区域城乡经济社会发展水平对二者耦合协同与融合发展的影响存在单因子及交互作用。

关键词: 文化资源优势, 游憩发展活力, 耦合协调, 空间分异, 滇西北

Jing ZHAO, Guoxin TAN. Spatial differentiation and influencing factors of coupled synergies between cultural resource advantages and recreational development vitality in Northwest Yunnan Province[J]. World Regional Studies, 2025, 34(12): 173-187.

赵静, 谈国新. 滇西北文化资源优势与游憩发展活力耦合协同性的空间分异及影响因素[J]. 世界地理研究, 2025, 34(12): 173-187.

Figures/Tables 11

Tab.1 Comprehensive indicator system for cultural resource advantage and recreation development vitality

子系统	准则层	指标层	权重
文化资源集聚	非物质文化资源集聚	非物质文化遗产集聚度指数	0.395 4
文化资源集聚	物质文化资源集聚	历史文化名城名镇名村集聚度指数国家级文保单位集聚度指数博物馆集聚度指数传统村落集聚度指数	0.117 8 0.065 0 0.055 6 0.366 2
游憩发展活力	游憩资源禀赋优势	高等级景区数量	0.104 3
	游憩设施规模	风景名胜区POI数量休闲服务设施POI数量	0.181 9 0.181 9
	游憩接待水平	住宿设施POI数量	0.251 8
	游憩吸引力	旅游接待总人次旅游总收入	0.139 0 0.141 2

Tab.2 Coupling harmonization levels and categories

D值	协调等级	类别
(0.0~0.1)	极度失调	失调衰退
[0.1~0.2)	严重失调
[0.2~0.3)	中度失调
[0.3~0.4)	轻度失调
[0.4~0.5)	濒临失调	过度发展
[0.5~0.6)	勉强协调	过度发展
[0.6~0.7)	初级协调	协调发展
[0.7~0.8)	中级协调
[0.8~0.9)	良好协调
[0.9~1.0)	优质协调

Tab.3 Relative priority grading and type

相对发展度	类型	类型说明
0<P<0.7	Ⅰ_a(严重滞后)	区域文化资源要素集聚程度滞后于区域内游憩发展活力，说明文化资源匮乏或发掘程度不足，文旅融合需要优先解决文化资源的集聚优势问题
0.7≤P<1	Ⅰ_b（轻度滞后）
1≤P<2	Ⅱ（同步）	区域文化资源要素集聚与区域游憩发展活力同步，说明区域内具备文旅融合的基底优势，需重点关注二者的耦合协调关系
2≤P<3	Ⅲ_a（轻度超前）	文化资源集聚程度优先于区域游憩发展活力水平，说明区域文化资源丰沛且挖掘充分，但是区域游憩的整体发展水平有待改善，游憩优势未能对文化资源的创造性转化提供触发动能
P≥3	Ⅲ_b（绝对超前）

Tab.4 Nearest neighbor index and distribution type of cultural resources

文化资源	$r 1 ¯$ /m	$r E / m$	$R$	Z	P	分布类型
非遗	1 753.2	5 769.4	0.303 8	-33.97	0.000^***	集聚
传统村落	7 102.2	10 086.3	0.704 1	-8.26	0.000^***	集聚
文保单位	10 583.7	20 818.1	0.508 3	-6.65	0.000^***	集聚
博物馆	90 065.2	27 819.3	3.237 5	22.65	0.000^***	离散
历史文化名城名镇名村	39 528.7	42 494.7	0.93	-0.46	0.64	随机均匀
5类文化资源	1 641.4	4 765.9	0.344 4	-38.73	0.000^***	集聚

Tab.4 Nearest neighbor index and distribution type of cultural resources

文化资源	$r 1 ¯$ /m	$r E / m$	$R$	Z	P	分布类型
非遗	1 753.2	5 769.4	0.303 8	-33.97	0.000^***	集聚
传统村落	7 102.2	10 086.3	0.704 1	-8.26	0.000^***	集聚
文保单位	10 583.7	20 818.1	0.508 3	-6.65	0.000^***	集聚
博物馆	90 065.2	27 819.3	3.237 5	22.65	0.000^***	离散
历史文化名城名镇名村	39 528.7	42 494.7	0.93	-0.46	0.64	随机均匀
5类文化资源	1 641.4	4 765.9	0.344 4	-38.73	0.000^***	集聚

Fig.1 Kernel density of different types of cultural resources in the northwest Yunnan region

Fig. 2 Standard deviation ellipse for each type of cultural resource

Fig.3 The distribution pattern of the locational entropy of various cultural resources in northwest Yunnan

Tab.5 Measurement results of relative development degree and coupling coordination degree in Northwest Yunnan province

名称	发展优先度	相对发展类型	耦合协调度D	状态	名称	发展优先度	相对发展类型	耦合协调度D	状态
古城区	1.602	同步	0.869	良好协调	永平县	6.074	绝对超前	0.266	中度失调
玉龙纳西族自治县	0.622	严重滞后	0.492	濒临失调	云龙县	6.827	绝对超前	0.268	中度失调
永胜县	0.687	严重滞后	0.352	轻度失调	洱源县	3.048	绝对超前	0.330	轻度失调
华坪县	0.351	严重滞后	0.144	严重失调	剑川县	9.833	绝对超前	0.465	濒临失调
宁蒗彝族自治县	0.848	轻度滞后	0.289	中度失调	鹤庆县	3.718	绝对超前	0.331	轻度失调
大理市	0.784	轻度滞后	0.953	优质协调	泸水市	1.121	同步	0.256	中度失调
漾濞彝族自治县	8.438	绝对超前	0.214	中度失调	福贡县	5.485	绝对超前	0.138	严重失调
祥云县	3.615	绝对超前	0.374	轻度失调	贡山独龙族怒族自治县	1.204	同步	0.209	中度失调
宾川县	3.321	绝对超前	0.415	濒临失调	兰坪白族普米族自治县	0.965	轻度滞后	0.169	严重失调
弥渡县	10.636	绝对超前	0.387	轻度失调	香格里拉市	0.366	严重滞后	0.434	濒临失调
南涧彝族自治县	7.274	绝对超前	0.313	轻度失调	德钦县	2.074	轻度超前	0.254	中度失调
巍山彝族回族自治县	12.093	绝对超前	0.415	濒临失调	维西傈僳族自治县	2.982	轻度超前	0.286	中度失调

Fig.4 Spatial distribution of the coupled coordination degree of cultural resource aggregation and recreation development dynamics in counties of northwest Yunnan province

Tab.6 Impact factor detection results

一级指标	二级指标	变量	单位	q值
发展生境适宜性	适游期	X1	天	0.127
	平均海拔	X2	m	0.085
	地形起伏度	X3		0.300
	NDVI	X4	无量纲	0.411^*
	水网密度	X5	km/km²	0.356
	森林覆盖率	X6	%	0.242 3
可达性	OD成本时间	X7	分钟	0.567^***
	公路里程数	X8	km	0.345 9
	路网密度	X9	km/km²	0.235 4
社会经济发展程度	县域GDP	X10	万元	0.475 8^**
	人口密度	X11	人/ km²	0.440 9^*
	县级财政收入	X12	万元	0.497 6^**
	县级财政支出	X13	万元	0.236 0
	县域城镇化	X14	%	0.394 2^*
	城镇可支配收入	X15	万元	0.386 7^*
	农村可支配收入	X16	万元	0.573 4^***

Fig.5 Interaction factor detection results

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