Based on the perspective of the chip industry chain, by using the trade data of upper, middle and downstream products of the chip industry from 2000 to 2022, this paper analyzes the evolution characteristics of the global chip trade network and network node characteristics through complex social network analysis, and introduces the competition intensity index and interdependence index to explore the competition and cooperation relationship in the chip trade. The results show that: ① The upstream semiconductor silicon market has significant volatility and a high concentration of participants, the midstream integrated circuit market has steady growth, and the downstream electronic products are driven by scientific and technological innovation and market demand, showing vigorous vitality; ② From the perspective of the overall network characteristics of the chip, the downstream electronic computing and components have the largest scale and strongest connectivity, followed by the midstream integrated circuit, forming a solid support; Although the upstream semiconductor trade network is growing rapidly, the network connectivity is insufficient, which affects the efficiency of information flow and resource allocation, and needs to be optimized. ③ In terms of network node characteristics, it presents a dual situation of the stable central position of the traditional power and the rapid rise of the emerging power. While traditional powers maintain the centrality advantage, emerging economies such as China have significantly improved their export centrality, becoming an important intermediary for global resource flows. The network structure tends to be balanced, the core country group expands, and the rise of emerging forces such as the Netherlands and China promotes the diversified development of industrial competition pattern. ④ In terms of competition and cooperation relations, the global chip trade competition, especially between China and the United States and China and South Korea, tends to be white-hot, forming a "competition circle" with multiple competitive cores and closely intertwined, and the competition pattern has evolved from single-core to multi-core. At the same time, the degree of interdependence has increased significantly, the trade network has become closer, and the trade relations between China and other countries have changed from single dependence to diversified cooperation. The coexistence of "high competitiveness and high dependence" between China and the United States highlights the urgency and importance of seeking cooperation in the face of competition and properly handling trade frictions.
