Abstract: Based on the data of Tibetan Buddhist temples in Qinghai Province, taking the county (city) as the basic research unit, this paper analyzes the temporal and spatial evolution of the main Tibetan Buddhist monasteries in Qinghai Province by using the mathematical statistics method and spatial analysis method. There is revealing the evolution of Tibetan Buddhism in Qinghai Province. The results show that it has stage characteristics, which can be divided into four stages from the Tibetan Buddhist temples development time. The Song and Yuan Dynasty is the embryonic stage, Ming is the initial stage of development, Qing is a rapid development stage, the Modern (deadline 1995) is a stable development stage. In terms of spatial distribution, there are "dual-core aggregation" spatial distribution that respectively densities centered on Yushu and Huilong. From the changing trend, Tibetan Buddhism temples distribution in the Ming and Qing Dynasties trend continues to strengthen. The east is more than the west. The center of gravity moves to the northeast. From the spatial autocorrelation, the spatial distribution of Tibetan Buddhist temples have obvious regional differentiation rules. The global and local autocorrelation characteristics are significant. In the evolutionary trend of the spatial autocorrelation of temples, the "diffuse regions" is gradually expanded and presented a relatively independent "group-like" distribution. And the "laggard regions " is continuous blockbuster "block" distribution.

Key words: Tibetan Buddhist Temples, Qinghai, temporal-spatial changes, spatial autocorrelation

摘要： 基于青海省藏传佛教寺院数据，以县（市）作为基本研究单元，综合运用数理统计方法和空间分析方法，分析青海省藏传佛教寺院的时空演变特征，揭示藏传佛教在青海发展演变模式。结果表明：①在时间分布方面，根据藏传佛教寺院增长率的变化情况，划分为4个阶段：宋元属萌芽阶段，明属初期发展阶段，清属快速发展阶段，近代（截止1995年）属稳定发展阶段；②在空间分布方面，存在着分别以玉树和化隆为中心的“双核集聚”空间分布密集区；③空间分布存在明显的地域分异规律，东多西少，分布不平衡趋势不断增强，分布重心向东北方向迁移；④藏传佛教寺院的空间全局与局部自相关特征显著，在寺院空间自相关演变趋势中，青海省“扩散型”区域的范围逐渐扩大且呈相对独立的“团状”分布，“落后型”区域呈连续的大片“块状”分布。

关键词: 藏传佛教寺院, 青海, 时空演变, 空间自相关