高铁开通对沿线城市知识创新的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.08.20222122

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

交通基础设施的改善能够重塑经济地理格局。高铁开通促进创新要素在地区间的流动，增强知识溢出效应，影响区域创新活动，甚或影响区域知识创新网络结构。基于国内外文献，从影响程度、差异表现、影响机制等方面对高铁与沿线城市知识创新的关系进行综述，并从企业视角进一步阐释高铁开通对区域知识创新影响的微观机制。综观现有研究，可以得到以下几点结论：（1）高铁对知识创新确有影响，但存在地区差异，这与地理距离以及城市异质性有关；（2）高铁开通促进创新要素流动、集聚并扩大知识溢出效应等，进而影响区域知识创新，但集聚效应和知识溢出效应均存在两面性，故而在不同地区呈现不同的影响效果；（3）高铁开通有利于扩大通勤场、拓宽知识通道并增加临时集聚，由此增加企业获得创新人才、跨区域合作和知识共享的机会，促进知识创新产出。最后针对当前的研究不足，提出值得深入探讨的若干议题和分析框架。

关键词: 高铁, 知识创新, 集聚效应, 知识溢出

Abstract:

The improvement of transportation infrastructure can reshape the economic geography patterns. The opening of high-speed railways promotes the flow of innovation elements among regions, enhances the knowledge spillover effect, affects regional innovation activities, or even affects the structure of regional knowledge innovation network. Based on the extant literature, this article summarized the relationship between high-speed railways and knowledge innovation in cities along railway lines in terms of the exact impact, differential performance and the mechanism, and further explained the micro mechanism of the impact of the opening of high-speed railways on regional knowledge innovation from the perspective of enterprises. According to the literature analysis, this article draws the following conclusions. Firstly, high-speed railways do have an impact on knowledge innovation, but there are regional differences, which are related to geographical distance and urban heterogeneity. Secondly, the opening of high-speed railways promotes the flow and agglomeration of innovation factors, and expands knowledge spillover effects, which will affect regional knowledge innovation. However, both the agglomeration effect and knowledge spillover effect have two sides, so they show different influence effects in different regions. Thirdly, the opening of high-speed railways is conducive to expanding the commuting field, broadening knowledge channels and increasing temporary agglomeration, so as to increase the opportunities for enterprises to obtain innovative talents, cross-regional cooperation and knowledge sharing, and promote their innovative output. Finally, this article puts forward an analytical framework and some topics worthy of in-depth discussion.

Key words: high-speed railways, knowledge innovation, agglomeration effects, knowledge spillover

朱华晟, 姚飞, 岳嘉琛. 高铁开通对沿线城市知识创新的影响[J]. 世界地理研究, 2024, 33(8): 161-173.

Huasheng ZHU, Fei YAO, Jiachen YUE. High-speed railways and regional knowledge innovation:[J]. World Regional Studies, 2024, 33(8): 161-173.

图/表 5

图1 高铁与创新研究领域发文数量注：2022年的数据截至6月底。

Fig.1 Number of papers published annually in the field of high-speed rail and innovation research

图2 高铁与创新研究领域英文论文和中文论文关键词共现网络注：英文论文关键词根据WOS数据库检索整理，中文论文关键词根据中国知网数据库检索整理。

Fig.2 Keywords co-occurrence network of English and Chinese literature on high-speed railway and innovation

图3 高铁与创新研究领域英文和中文论文突现词注：根据WOS数据库和中国知网数据库检索整理。

Fig.3 Burst terms of English and Chinese literature on high-speed railways and innovation

表 1 高铁与创新研究中英文期刊来源与学科情况

Tab. 1 Journals and disciplines of high-speed railways and innovation research

期刊类型	期刊名称	所属学科
英文期刊	Transport Policy	交通、经济学
	Journal of Cleaner Production	环境工程、环境科学
	Applied Economics	经济学
	Environmental Science and Pollution Research	环境科学
	Technological Forecasting and Social Change	区域/城市规划、商业
	Technology Analysis & Strategic Management	管理学
	Technology in Society	社会学、跨学科
中文期刊	《科技进步与对策》	经济学、管理学
	《财经科学》	经济学
	《技术经济》	经济学、管理学
	《软科学》	经济学、管理学
	《现代经济探讨》	经济学
	《财经研究》	经济学
	《产业经济研究》	经济学
	《华东经济管理》	经济学；管理学
	《山西财经大学学报》	经济学
	《世界经济》	经济学
	《投资研究》	经济学

图4 高铁开通影响沿线城市知识创新的分析框架

Fig.4 An analytical framework for the impact of high-speed railways on knowledge innovation

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