关键词: 铁路站, 溢出效应, 双重差分模型（DID）, 夜间灯光数据, 高铁

Abstract:

With the comprehensive development of China's high-speed rail and intercity rail construction in recent years, the so-called "HSR new city" or urban complex of railway station is becoming the "new engine" for the development of many cities along the lines. This paper takes the high-speed railway stations and intercity railway stations on the main lines in China as examples to analyze the spatial spillover effect and spatial differentiation of railway stations on the surrounding areas. Due to the lack of relevant socio-economic data, this paper applies DMSP/OLS and NPP/VIIRS satellite lighting data; combined with multi-period DID model and spatial buffer analysis to evaluate the above effect. The research results show that the opening of the railway station has a significant spatial spillover effect on the surrounding areas. And the spillover effect decreases rapidly with the increase of distance. The threshold range of the high-speed railway station is about 7 kilometers, while the threshold range of the intercity railway station is about 5 kilometers. This spillover effect has obvious heterogeneity according to scale of station, and it is bigger in medium-sized sites. In terms of regional performance, this spillover effect is most at railway stations in the Central China, followed by the Western China, and relatively weak in the Eastern China and Northeast China. According to the empirical results, it is also found that in order to take advantage of the spillover effect of the railroad station, the distance from the railroad station to the central city should be 10-40 km.

Key words: railway station, spillover effect, Difference-in-differences model(DID), nightlight data, high-speed railway