地缘政治：从地理疆域到数字空间的范式转向

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2026.07.20250275

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

新一轮科技革命正全方位、深层次地解构与重塑人类社会的治理秩序，推动全球化进程从实体空间逐步向数字空间转变。经典地缘政治理论框架在阐释技术革命所引发的地缘政治效应时，愈发呈现出理论效力的衰减与分析范式的边界局限。数字技术与地缘政治深度结合，使得数字空间的争夺跃升为当前国际战略竞合焦点，大国间的数字技术激烈博弈加速了国际地缘政治的结构性范式转向。数字空间具有独特的内生特质，从技术标准主导、数据主权管辖、网络攻防阈值、意识形态渗透和灰色规则对抗等5个维度，对地缘权力体系进行重构，并催生当前国际社会的复合安全困境。本研究由此提出，从建构自主可控数字主权、开拓数字丝绸之路、增强国际数字话语权和强化数字战略风险防范等方面，探索符合国情的中国路径，以更好应对数字时代新的地缘政治风险。

关键词: 地缘政治, 地理边界, 数字空间, 范式转向, 中国路径

Abstract:

The new wave of technological revolution is comprehensively deconstructing and reshaping governance order in human society, driving the transformation of globalization from physical to digital spaces. When interpreting the geopolitical effects triggered by technological revolutions, the classical geopolitical theoretical framework exhibited diminishing theoretical efficacy and analytical limitations. The convergence of digital-technological capabilities and geopolitical imperatives has propelled the contestation over digital space into a central arena of global power competition, with major powers' intensified rivalries over digital technologies accelerating structural paradigm shifts in global geopolitics. Digital space demonstrates unique endogenous characteristics, reconstructing geopolitical power systems through five dimensions: dominance in technical standards, jurisdiction over data sovereignty, network attack-defense thresholds, ideological infiltration, and countermeasures against gray-zone confrontation, thereby exacerbating compound security dilemmas in international society. This paper proposes exploring a Chinese approach tailored to national conditions by constructing autonomous digital sovereignty, developing a Digital Silk Road, enhancing international digital discourse power, and strengthening strategic risk prevention, aiming to better address emerging geopolitical risks in the digital era.

Key words: geopolitics, geographical boundaries, digital space, paradigm shift, Chinese approach

朱琪威, 张青磊. 地缘政治：从地理疆域到数字空间的范式转向[J]. 世界地理研究, 2026, 35(7): 80-91.

Qiwei ZHU, Qinglei ZHANG. Geopolitics: The paradigm shift from geographical territory to the digital space[J]. World Regional Studies, 2026, 35(7): 80-91.

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