A literature review on water conflict

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2020.05.2019383

Abstract

Abstract:

Water conflicts occur between countries, states (provinces), groups and other different stakeholders over the access to water. Since the end of the Cold War, the overall intensity of water conflict related events has declined, and the number of events has increased significantly. Meanwhile, researches on water conflicts has begun to gain widespread attention. This paper uses unsupervised machine learning, spatial analysis and data visualization methods to sort out the researches on water conflicts and summarizes the main topics of water conflict research. It is found that water conflict related research have obvious spatial heterogeneity, and the evolution trends of different topics in time vary; the main topics of water conflict related research include: causes, analysis methods and models, conflict resolution mechanisms, the impact of climate change, water hegemonism and international water law.

Key words: water conflict, water resources, watershed, machine learning, research review

摘要：

水冲突是发生在国家、州（省）、团体等不同利益主体之间关于水资源获取的矛盾。冷战以来，水冲突相关事件的总体烈度下降，事件数量大幅增长；与此同时，水冲突问题的研究也开始获得广泛关注，研究热度快速提升。水冲突问题关系到区域安全和可持续发展，有必要对相关研究进行梳理。为此，利用非监督机器学习、空间分析以及数据可视化方法，对国内外水冲突相关研究进行梳理，统计了相关研究的空间结构，构建了研究文献语料库，归纳了水冲突研究的主要热点议题。发现：水冲突相关研究具有明显的空间异质性，且不同的议题在时间上呈现不同的演进趋势；水冲突相关研究的主要议题包括：水冲突成因、水冲突分析方法与模型、水冲突解决机制、气候变化对水冲突的影响，以及水霸权主义与国际水法等。

关键词: 水冲突, 水资源, 流域, 自然语言处理, 研究综述

Zihao YU, Debin DU, Chengliang LIU, Qifan XIA, Chaofeng QIAN. A literature review on water conflict[J]. World Regional Studies, 2020, 29(5): 893-904.

喻子豪, 杜德斌, 刘承良, 夏启繁, 钱超峰. 全球水冲突问题研究进展与热点的可视化分析[J]. 世界地理研究, 2020, 29(5): 893-904.

Figures/Tables 8

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主题	1	2	3	4	5
解读归纳	经济政治因素分析	分析方法与模型	跨界管理失效	城乡冲突	水冲突协议和法律
	0.023*"conflict"	0.021*"model"	0.023*"river"	0.008*"local"	0.025*"state"
	0.015*"polit"	0.014*"data"	0.020*"basin"	0.007*"communiti"	0.013*"right"
	0.014*"resourc"	0.013*"variabl"	0.015*"region"	0.007*"citi"	0.011*"agreement"
	0.009*"environment"	0.010*"use"	0.009*"africa"	0.006*"farmer"	0.009*"law"
词汇概率	0.007*"issu"	0.009*"valu"	0.009*"resourc"	0.005*"public"	0.007*"conflict"
	0.006*"natur"	0.008*"indic"	0.008*"intern"	0.005*"land"	0.007*"negoti"
	0.006*"social"	0.008*"tabl"	0.007*"nation"	0.005*"access"	0.006*"parti"
	0.005*"econom"	0.007*"result"	0.007*"transbou"	0.005*"peopl"	0.006*"share"
	0.005*"secur"	0.006*"level"	0.006*"manag"	0.005*"area"	0.006*"treati"
主题	6	7	8	9	10
解读归纳	热点国家	水资源稀缺	跨部门（农业)	跨州	气候变化
	0.015*"countri"	0.013*"resourc"	0.013*"irrig"	0.020*"state"	0.046*"chang"
	0.010*"river"	0.012*"conflict"	0.011*"river"	0.008*"feder"	0.038*"climat"
	0.009*"israel"	0.010*"chang"	0.010*"area"	0.008*"project"	0.012*"rainfal"
	0.008*"agreement"	0.008*"scarciti"	0.009*"agricultur"	0.008*"court"	0.012*"level"
词汇概率	0.008*"syria"	0.008*"climat"	0.008*"suppli"	0.008*"right"	0.011*"averag"
	0.008*"turkey"	0.007*"variabl"	0.007*"increas"	0.007*"law"	0.011*"drought"
	0.006*"jordan"	0.007*"environm"	0.006*"flow"	0.007*"public"	0.009*"precipit"
	0.006*"cooper"	0.006*"polit"	0.006*"region"	0.006*"act"	0.008*"period"
	0.006*"case"	0.006*"countri"	0.006*"land"	0.006*"plan"	0.008*"hydrolog"

主题	1	2	3	4	5
解读归纳	经济政治因素分析	分析方法与模型	跨界管理失效	城乡冲突	水冲突协议和法律
	0.023*"conflict"	0.021*"model"	0.023*"river"	0.008*"local"	0.025*"state"
	0.015*"polit"	0.014*"data"	0.020*"basin"	0.007*"communiti"	0.013*"right"
	0.014*"resourc"	0.013*"variabl"	0.015*"region"	0.007*"citi"	0.011*"agreement"
	0.009*"environment"	0.010*"use"	0.009*"africa"	0.006*"farmer"	0.009*"law"
词汇概率	0.007*"issu"	0.009*"valu"	0.009*"resourc"	0.005*"public"	0.007*"conflict"
	0.006*"natur"	0.008*"indic"	0.008*"intern"	0.005*"land"	0.007*"negoti"
	0.006*"social"	0.008*"tabl"	0.007*"nation"	0.005*"access"	0.006*"parti"
	0.005*"econom"	0.007*"result"	0.007*"transbou"	0.005*"peopl"	0.006*"share"
	0.005*"secur"	0.006*"level"	0.006*"manag"	0.005*"area"	0.006*"treati"
主题	6	7	8	9	10
解读归纳	热点国家	水资源稀缺	跨部门（农业)	跨州	气候变化
	0.015*"countri"	0.013*"resourc"	0.013*"irrig"	0.020*"state"	0.046*"chang"
	0.010*"river"	0.012*"conflict"	0.011*"river"	0.008*"feder"	0.038*"climat"
	0.009*"israel"	0.010*"chang"	0.010*"area"	0.008*"project"	0.012*"rainfal"
	0.008*"agreement"	0.008*"scarciti"	0.009*"agricultur"	0.008*"court"	0.012*"level"
词汇概率	0.008*"syria"	0.008*"climat"	0.008*"suppli"	0.008*"right"	0.011*"averag"
	0.008*"turkey"	0.007*"variabl"	0.007*"increas"	0.007*"law"	0.011*"drought"
	0.006*"jordan"	0.007*"environm"	0.006*"flow"	0.007*"public"	0.009*"precipit"
	0.006*"cooper"	0.006*"polit"	0.006*"region"	0.006*"act"	0.008*"period"
	0.006*"case"	0.006*"countri"	0.006*"land"	0.006*"plan"	0.008*"hydrolog"

方法	功能	经典文献
定性分析框架构建	概念界定，分析框架构建	Dimitrov^[23], 2002
系统动力学仿真	冲突、决策模拟	Nandalal^[24], 2003
博弈论	冲突模拟、决策优化	Wei^[25], 2010
多属性决策支持模型	决策模拟	Wang X^[19], 2015
冲突解决模型	决策优化	Bazargan-Lari^[27], 2009
遗传算法	决策模拟	Bazargan-Lari^[27], 2009

方法	功能	经典文献
定性分析框架构建	概念界定，分析框架构建	Dimitrov^[23], 2002
系统动力学仿真	冲突、决策模拟	Nandalal^[24], 2003
博弈论	冲突模拟、决策优化	Wei^[25], 2010
多属性决策支持模型	决策模拟	Wang X^[19], 2015
冲突解决模型	决策优化	Bazargan-Lari^[27], 2009
遗传算法	决策模拟	Bazargan-Lari^[27], 2009

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