A study on the coupling and coordination of tourism space among four provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Delta from the perspective of three-dimensional space

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2023.01.2021019

Abstract

Abstract:

From perspective of ternary space, this paper explained the connotation of tourism physical space, information space and humanistic space and constructed an index system, taking four provinces and cities as the study area. The comprehensive evaluation, coupling coordination degree and grey correlation analysis model were used to measure the development level of tourism ternary space from 2013 to 2018.Results show that: (1) In terms of the comprehensive development level, the overall development level of the three tourism spaces in the four provinces and cities is low, but they all show a rising trend, and the comprehensive development level of tourism physical space is the highest, followed by tourism people-oriented space. the development degree of tourism information space is the lowest. From the perspective of the average annual growth rate of the comprehensive evaluation index, both Shanghai and Anhui Provinces belong to the priority type of tourism information spatial development, while Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province belong to the priority type of tourism human-oriented spatial development. (2) In terms of coupling degree and coupling coordination degree, tourism space shows a trend of continuous and coordinated development, but the overall coupling coordination degree is still in the middle and low level, and the two-to-two spatial coupling degree of the four provinces and cities is better than the result of three-dimensional spatial coupling. (3) From the analysis of index correlation, each second-level index in the evaluation index system has a great influence on the coordination degree of ternary spatial coupling, and grey correlation degree is in the state of "strong correlation". However, the influence of the second-level index in different space is different, and the influence degree on different provinces is also slightly different.

Key words: ternary space, tourism space, coupling coordination degree, grey correlation, Yangtze River Delta

摘要：

以三元空间为研究视角，对旅游物理空间、旅游信息空间和旅游人本空间进行内涵解释并构建指标体系，以长三角四省市为研究区域，运用综合评价模型、耦合协调度模型和灰色关联分析模型等，测算2013—2018年旅游三元空间的发展水平、耦合协调度及各子指标对系统协调度的影响程度。结果表明：（1）从综合发展水平来看，四省市的三个旅游空间整体发展水平较低，但均呈上升态势，旅游物理空间综合发展水平最高，旅游人本空间次之，旅游信息空间的发展程度最低。从综合评价指数的年均增长率来看，上海市和安徽省均属于旅游信息空间发展优先型，江苏省和浙江省均属于旅游人本空间发展优先型；（2）从耦合度和耦合协调度来看，旅游空间呈现出不断协调发展的趋势，但整体耦合协调程度还处于中低水平，四省市的两两空间耦合度好于三元空间耦合结果；（3）从指标关联分析来看，评价指标体系中各二级指标均对三元空间耦合协调度有较大影响，灰色关联度全部处于“强关联”或“较强关联”状态，但不同空间的二级指标影响力不同，对不同省份的影响程度也略有差别。

关键词: 三元空间, 旅游空间, 耦合协调度, 灰色关联, 长三角

Na SONG, Yaqi MAO, Yali HE, Yibo TANG. A study on the coupling and coordination of tourism space among four provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Delta from the perspective of three-dimensional space[J]. World Regional Studies, 2023, 32(1): 104-116.

宋娜, 毛娅琪, 何亚丽, 唐亦博. 三元空间视角下长三角四省市旅游空间的耦合协调研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2023, 32(1): 104-116.

Figures/Tables 7

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三元空间	一级指标	二级指标	权重				关联度
三元空间	一级指标	二级指标	上海市	江苏省	浙江省	安徽省	上海市	江苏省	浙江省	安徽省
旅游物理空间	旅游产业层面	国内旅游收入/亿元	0.071 7	0.039 8	0.038 0	0.044 9	0.857	0.847	0.835	0.816
		旅游景区数量/家	0.033 8	0.022 3	0.041 6	0.029 6	0.773	0.783	0.723	0.875
		星级饭店数量/家	0.062 9	0.030 3	0.026 6	0.033 2	0.651	0.717	0.706	0.783
		星级饭店客房数量/间	0.031 2	0.036 5	0.041 1	0.033 1	0.712	0.749	0.770	0.807
		旅行社数/家	0.055 5	0.048 8	0.085 0	0.101 6	0.832	0.808	0.860	0.856
		旅游院校数/所	0.024 7	0.038 7	0.039 6	0.041 9	0.744	0.730	0.834	0.794
		艺术表演团体数量/个	0.040 2	0.061 2	0.035 7	0.054 7	0.806	0.746	0.800	0.673
		限额餐饮业数量/家	0.065 2	0.056 5	0.045 5	0.027 3	0.705	0.749	0.828	0.859
	经济层面	地区GDP/亿元	0.034 6	0.038 2	0.040 5	0.039 3	0.810	0.852	0.883	0.906
	经济层面	第三产业占比/%	0.025 2	0.030 3	0.047 0	0.037 8	0.747	0.786	0.848	0.881
	交通层面	交通密度/(km/万km²)	0.023 7	0.026 8	0.031 3	0.047 8	0.725	0.772	0.831	0.867
	交通层面	私人汽车拥有量/辆	0.036 1	0.035 6	0.035 6	0.039 2	0.795	0.842	0.857	0.810
	环境层面	建成区绿化覆盖率/%	0.019 6	0.030 0	0.038 6	0.024 8	0.718	0.773	0.820	0.827
		空气质量达到及好于二级的天数/天	0.028 3	0.038 5	0.042 4	0.029 6	0.760	0.846	0.862	0.779
		废水排放总量^*/万吨	0.049 8	0.042 0	0.048 8	0.038 7	0.709	0.763	0.844	0.798
旅游信息空间	科技发展层面	研究与试验发展(R&D)经费投入强度/%	0.043 2	0.039 1	0.032 1	0.040 2	0.748	0.782	0.845	0.845
		通过互联网进行宣传和推广的企业/家	0.021 5	0.022 9	0.023 3	0.024 2	0.733	0.778	0.849	0.881
		移动电话普及率/(部/百人)	0.066 9	0.091 8	0.060 4	0.055 4	0.734	0.797	0.821	0.850
	信息流动层面	百度指数/(关注量/天)	0.025 1	0.024 8	0.020 7	0.023 6	0.787	0.777	0.859	0.849
旅游人本空间	旅游社会层面	国内旅游者数/万人次	0.044 1	0.036 9	0.035 9	0.042 7	0.791	0.851	0.879	0.851
	旅游社会层面	旅游业从业人数/人	0.028 1	0.063 6	0.030 4	0.026 5	0.735	0.745	0.804	0.854
	居民社会层面	总人口/万人	0.053 4	0.037 7	0.056 4	0.034 9	0.720	0.774	0.828	0.829
		旅客周转量/(亿人次·km)	0.021 8	0.025 7	0.022 2	0.065 0	0.737	0.783	0.827	0.777
		每十万人口高等教育平均在校生数/人	0.059 6	0.045 3	0.045 3	0.028 7	0.726	0.786	0.814	0.826
		居民人均可支配收入/元	0.033 9	0.037 0	0.035 9	0.035 3	0.809	0.845	0.882	0.907

三元空间	一级指标	二级指标	权重				关联度
三元空间	一级指标	二级指标	上海市	江苏省	浙江省	安徽省	上海市	江苏省	浙江省	安徽省
旅游物理空间	旅游产业层面	国内旅游收入/亿元	0.071 7	0.039 8	0.038 0	0.044 9	0.857	0.847	0.835	0.816
		旅游景区数量/家	0.033 8	0.022 3	0.041 6	0.029 6	0.773	0.783	0.723	0.875
		星级饭店数量/家	0.062 9	0.030 3	0.026 6	0.033 2	0.651	0.717	0.706	0.783
		星级饭店客房数量/间	0.031 2	0.036 5	0.041 1	0.033 1	0.712	0.749	0.770	0.807
		旅行社数/家	0.055 5	0.048 8	0.085 0	0.101 6	0.832	0.808	0.860	0.856
		旅游院校数/所	0.024 7	0.038 7	0.039 6	0.041 9	0.744	0.730	0.834	0.794
		艺术表演团体数量/个	0.040 2	0.061 2	0.035 7	0.054 7	0.806	0.746	0.800	0.673
		限额餐饮业数量/家	0.065 2	0.056 5	0.045 5	0.027 3	0.705	0.749	0.828	0.859
	经济层面	地区GDP/亿元	0.034 6	0.038 2	0.040 5	0.039 3	0.810	0.852	0.883	0.906
	经济层面	第三产业占比/%	0.025 2	0.030 3	0.047 0	0.037 8	0.747	0.786	0.848	0.881
	交通层面	交通密度/(km/万km²)	0.023 7	0.026 8	0.031 3	0.047 8	0.725	0.772	0.831	0.867
	交通层面	私人汽车拥有量/辆	0.036 1	0.035 6	0.035 6	0.039 2	0.795	0.842	0.857	0.810
	环境层面	建成区绿化覆盖率/%	0.019 6	0.030 0	0.038 6	0.024 8	0.718	0.773	0.820	0.827
		空气质量达到及好于二级的天数/天	0.028 3	0.038 5	0.042 4	0.029 6	0.760	0.846	0.862	0.779
		废水排放总量^*/万吨	0.049 8	0.042 0	0.048 8	0.038 7	0.709	0.763	0.844	0.798
旅游信息空间	科技发展层面	研究与试验发展(R&D)经费投入强度/%	0.043 2	0.039 1	0.032 1	0.040 2	0.748	0.782	0.845	0.845
		通过互联网进行宣传和推广的企业/家	0.021 5	0.022 9	0.023 3	0.024 2	0.733	0.778	0.849	0.881
		移动电话普及率/(部/百人)	0.066 9	0.091 8	0.060 4	0.055 4	0.734	0.797	0.821	0.850
	信息流动层面	百度指数/(关注量/天)	0.025 1	0.024 8	0.020 7	0.023 6	0.787	0.777	0.859	0.849
旅游人本空间	旅游社会层面	国内旅游者数/万人次	0.044 1	0.036 9	0.035 9	0.042 7	0.791	0.851	0.879	0.851
	旅游社会层面	旅游业从业人数/人	0.028 1	0.063 6	0.030 4	0.026 5	0.735	0.745	0.804	0.854
	居民社会层面	总人口/万人	0.053 4	0.037 7	0.056 4	0.034 9	0.720	0.774	0.828	0.829
		旅客周转量/(亿人次·km)	0.021 8	0.025 7	0.022 2	0.065 0	0.737	0.783	0.827	0.777
		每十万人口高等教育平均在校生数/人	0.059 6	0.045 3	0.045 3	0.028 7	0.726	0.786	0.814	0.826
		居民人均可支配收入/元	0.033 9	0.037 0	0.035 9	0.035 3	0.809	0.845	0.882	0.907

C值区间	耦合度类型	D值区间	耦合协调类型
0<C≤0.3	低水平耦合	0<D≤0.3	低度耦合协调
0.3<C≤0.5	拮抗阶段	0.3<D≤0.5	中度耦合协调
0.5<C≤0.8	磨合阶段	0.5<D≤0.8	高度耦合协调
0.8<C≤1.0	高水平耦合	0.8<D≤1.0	极度耦合协调

C值区间	耦合度类型	D值区间	耦合协调类型
0<C≤0.3	低水平耦合	0<D≤0.3	低度耦合协调
0.3<C≤0.5	拮抗阶段	0.3<D≤0.5	中度耦合协调
0.5<C≤0.8	磨合阶段	0.5<D≤0.8	高度耦合协调
0.8<C≤1.0	高水平耦合	0.8<D≤1.0	极度耦合协调

省份	物理空间-信息空间		物理空间-人本空间		信息空间-人本空间
省份	2013年	2018年	2013年	2018年	2013年	2018年
上海市	0.158	0.492	0.219	0.552	0.124	0.424
江苏省	0.072	0.521	0.228	0.540	0.042	0.428
浙江省	0.063	0.515	0.235	0.548	0.044	0.393
安徽省	0.064	0.527	0.250	0.535	0.047	0.385