主管单位:中国科学技术协会
主办单位:中国地理学会
承办单位:华东师范大学

World Regional Studies ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (11): 94-107.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2023.11.2021421

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Spatio-temporal evolution and influencing factors of urban shrinkage in China's old industrial bases

Xiaoming DING1,2,3(), Chengxin WANG1,3(), Yu ZHANG2, Mengcheng LI1,3, Ruili WANG1,3, Zhenxing JIN1,3   

  1. 1.School of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
    2.School of Architecture & Fine Art, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
    3.Human-Earth Coordination Green Development Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province Universities, Jinan 250358, China
  • Received:2021-06-04 Revised:2021-10-31 Online:2023-11-15 Published:2023-12-12
  • Contact: Chengxin WANG

中国老工业基地城市收缩的时空演变及影响因素分析

丁晓明1,2,3(), 王成新1,3(), 张宇2, 李梦程1,3, 王瑞莉1,3, 金振兴1,3   

  1. 1.山东师范大学地理与环境学院,济南 250358
    2.大连理工大学建筑与艺术学院,大连 116024
    3.山东省高校人地协调与绿色发展协同创新中心,济南 250358
  • 通讯作者: 王成新
  • 作者简介:丁晓明(1998—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为区域发展与城市规划,E-mail:m15254171960@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金项目(20BJY070);国家自然科学基金项目(52078094);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2019MD043)

Abstract:

The phenomenon of urban growth and shrinkage coexist in China's rapid urbanization process, and urban shrinkage in the old industrial bases is a long-time disturbing problem. Based on the population and economic changes in cities of China's old industrial bases from 2009 to 2018, this paper analyzed the status and types of urban shrinkage and explored its influence mechanism. Results show that: (1) In general, the type of urban shrinkage of the old industrial base cities are mainly economic shrinkage, the type of population-economic shrinkage comes second, and pure population shrinkage is relatively few.The economic shrinkage and population-economic shrinkage cities mostly show the continuous spatial distribution, the population shrinkage type show the "dot" distribution features. (2) The shrinkage path goes as that economic decline precedes population loss in most old industrial base cities, and in few old industrial base cities, population loss led to economic decline. The cities in line with the former transformation path are mainly in central provinces and northeastern regions of China, while the cities in line with the latter transformation path are mainly in the northeast old industrial base. (3) The analysis of the influencing factors of old industrial base cities shows that birth rate, employment structure, industrial structure, opening-up policy, investment in science and technology affect the growth and shrinkage of urban population and economy in different directions and degrees.

Key words: old industrial base, urban shrinkage, spatio-temporal evolution, influencing factors, China

摘要:

当前中国快速城镇化进程中出现了城市增长与收缩并存的现象,而城市收缩又以老工业基地最为典型。以中国老工业基地城市为研究对象,根据2009—2018年各城市人口和经济变化,分析城市收缩状况及类型,探讨其影响机制。结果表明:①从城市收缩类型来看,总体上老工业基地城市以经济收缩型为主,人口-经济收缩型次之,而人口收缩型占比较少,在空间分布上经济收缩型、人口-经济收缩型城市多呈现连片的空间分布特征,而人口收缩型城市呈“点”状分布特征;②从城市收缩路径来看,经济下滑先于人口流失现象是多数老工业基地城市出现收缩的一个首要表征,较少部分老工业基地城市为早期的人口流失进一步导致后期经济下滑,符合前一个转变路径的城市主要分布在我国中部省区和东北部分地市,遵循后一个转变路径的城市主要集中连片分布在东北老工业基地;③分析老工业基地城市影响因素可见,出生率水平、工业就业、产业结构、对外开放、科技投入多个因素以不同形式和程度影响城市人口与经济的增长和收缩。

关键词: 老工业基地, 城市收缩, 时空演变, 影响因素, 中国