Abstract:

With the rise of critical geopolitics, the debate about classical geostrategic theory once became the focus of academic research. The proposal of the Belt and Road Initiative also stirred debate on whether One Belt One Road is China's current global geopolitical strategy. The Covid-19 superimposed on the great decoupling between China and the United States, makes it extremely urgent for China to adjust and formulate a new geostrategy in line with the current overall geo-environmental situation. This is related to the realization of the two centenary goals and national rejuvenation. This paper attempts to reinterpret classical geopolitics, by borrowing the concept of intersubjectivity from philosophy and the research results on intersubjectivity in a variety of specific philosophical morphologies. After summing up the inherent characteristics of classical geopolitics, this paper proceeds to refute the view which holds that China's Belt and Road initiative is its geostrategy. Instead, it analyzes global geo-environment, Sino-American relations and China's geo-environment in the implicit framework constructed by classical geopolitical strategy, and proposes China's geopolitical strategy in the first half of this century called the National Neighborland Theory. However, we should recognize that for both China and the United States, continued confrontation in the Chinese periphery or, worse still, conflicts on a global scale is detrimental to both parties and even the world. Both nations must step out of the intersubjective consensus taking shape in the long course of history that all powers are bound to seek hegemony. Moreover, they shall step further into a virtuous circle of mutual interaction via dialogs and exchanges, so as to terminate conflicts in today's world for the sake of peaceful development, and to construct a community of shared future for mankind.

Key words: classical geopolitics, geopolitical strategy, the National Neighborland Theory, the Belt and Road Initiative, intersubjectivity

摘要：

伴随批判地缘政治学的兴起，围绕古典地缘战略理论的争论一度成为学术研究的焦点，而“一带一路”倡议的提出更是激起有关“一带一路”是否是中国当前全球地缘战略的讨论。2019年新冠疫情叠加中美大脱钩使得中国适时调整和制定符合当前整体地缘环境态势的地缘战略迫在眉睫，这关系到“两个一百年”目标和民族复兴能否实现。本文借鉴哲学中的主体间性概念重新解读了古典的地缘战略理论。在归纳总结古典地缘战略理论所具有的固有特征后，反驳了“一带一路”倡议为中国地缘战略的观点。借用古典地缘战略隐含的构建方式，在分析全球地缘环境、中美地缘关系和中国地缘环境后，提出了到21世纪中叶前中国的地缘战略——国家周边论。但是，我们应该承认，无论对中国还是对美国而言，继续围绕中国周边地区的对抗甚至全球尺度的冲突对于双方甚至全球都是不利的。中美必须走出过去历史长河中形成的强国必霸的主体间性的共识，在对话、交流的基础上，实现中美互动实践的良性循环，以此结束当今世界的种种冲突，走向和平发展，构建人类命运共同体。

关键词: 古典地缘政治, 地缘环境, 地缘战略, “一带一路”倡议, 主体间性