Based on the theory of spatial mismatch, using tourism resource abundance index, and 2D matrix method, the papers analyzes and compares the tourism resource degree, inbound tourism quality, and their spatial pattern character and disparity among eighteen countries in the Silk Road Economic Belt. The main results are followed: Firstly, the quantity and quality of tourism resource are clearly polarized along the Silk Road Economic Belt, Western Europe is the best, such as Germany, UK, Italy and France, they have many tourism resource of various types and high quality, and Central Asia is the weakest including Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Tajikistan. Because their tourism resources are single, there are relatively few opportunities for tourism cooperation between countries in Central Asia. Inbound tourism development quality also shows similar characteristics. Secondly, from the two dimensional matrix, tourism resource distribution and inbound tourism quality show a weaker coordination trend, and the typical characteristic is that the tourism resource concentration is slightly higher than that of the inbound tourism development. The accumulation of tourism resource has obvious international tourism orientation, and more than two-thirds of the countries occurred mismatch in the Silk Road Economic Belt, among them the countries where the occurred mismatch ar those in Central Europe and Western Asia. Russia and India obviously occur mismatch, but Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Tajikistan do not occur mismatch. Inbound tourism level needs to be improved in high mismatch countries. At last, spatial consistency characteristic is significantly regional difference in four areas. It always shows that tourism resource concentration is higher than that of the inbound tourism. Asia is relatively the best, Central Europe is better and Eastern Europe is the worst.Suggestions are as follows: to firm the development concept of "interconnection, equality, tolerance, cooperation and win-win"; to establish an international tourism cooperation alliance, supervise and implement relevant strategic deployment and key projects; to build a sharing mechanism based on seeking common ground while shelving differences, substantially improve the level of tourism cooperation and integration between countries and degree of coordinated development; to create world-class tourism routes and tourism resource famous brands in Silk Road Economic Belt, and enhance the influence and level of international tourism development.
