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15 July 2024, Volume 33 Issue 7 Previous Issue   

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Characteristics of the evolution of the global photovoltaic industry trade pattern from the industrial chain perspective Jiacheng DING, Deming KONG, Chenxuan XIAO, Lisha HAO 2024, 33(7): 1-17.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.07.2022490 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (2131KB) ( )   Photovoltaic (PV) power generation is an important step towards a low-carbon transition in the energy system and the achievement of global climate goals. The core competitiveness of PV generation is highly dependent on the integration of the whole industrial chain.Based on the industrial chain perspective, the global trade pattern of key upstream and midstream segments of the PV industry from 2010-2020 is studied from both macro-scale geographic patterns and social network analysis, to reveal new changes in PV trade and geopolitical factors in the context of trade protection. The study finds that: ① The global silicon trade pattern is significantly polarized, evolving from a "Single Arch" shape with the US flowing to East Asia to a "Double Arches" shape with Europe and the US flowing to East Asia, and finally a "East-West Axis" structure with a strong interconnection between Europe, the US and Asia. ② The scale of the upstream silicon trade network is fluctuating, while the midstream trade network is more complex, with more participating parties, more flows and more significant small-world feature. The structure of the "core-edge" polarization in PV cell trade has intensified, with regions in the semi-edge layer moving into the core layer or falling into the edge layer, and the core regions firmly controlling global trade, with China, the US, Germany, Japan and South Korea occupying the core position in both segments. In addition, China, the US and Germany take intermediary functions in the upstream and midstream trade of PV. ③ China's dependence of PV industry upstream and midstream is low, occupying a favorable position in trade relations. While the US does not occupy the upper hand in the PV industry upstream and midstream trade relations, relying on China for PV cells. And advantages of Germany gradually fade in the whole industry chain. ④ Global PV industry trade relations and trade war is essentially a geopolitical struggle between China and the US, which continues to promote the "Indo-Pacific strategy" to form a "C-shaped" siege on China. Moreover, the US forced western countries to disassociate themselves from China in terms of technology and industry. However, it is difficult to hinder their trade cooperation with China in the field of photovoltaics in the short term. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of PM2.5 concentration in global typical countries based on remote sensing products Tianhui TAO, Yishao SHI, Jiaqi LI, Zhihong PENG 2024, 33(7): 18-32.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.07.20222375 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (2131KB) ( )   In the context of globalization, PM2.5 pollution has become a global phenomenon. Understanding the spatial and temporal differential distribution of PM2.5 concentrations in different countries has become an increasingly important topic for governments. Taking 27 typical countries in the world as the research objects, Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD), GIS map representation, and comparative research methods were used to analyze the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of PM2.5 pollution from 1998 to 2019. The results show that: ① The trend fluctuation of PM2.5 in the global typical countries in the study area was divided into four types: 'continuous rise', 'continuous fall', 'first rise and then fall' and 'first fall and then rise. 70% of the countries showed a trend of improving PM2.5 pollution during the study period; ② Except for Africa, the monthly changes of countries in the same regions are similar; ③ Compared with North America, Europe, and Oceania, Asia, the Middle East, and Africa have larger seasonal changes in PM2.5 concentrations; ④ From the perspective of the average annual concentration, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Iran, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Nigeria had higher PM2.5 concentration in the past 20 years, which also have exceeded the PM2.5 transition target I pollution level(35μg/m3) proposed by WHO. The comparative study of spatial and temporal differences of PM2.5 pollution under long time series can provide scientific reference for countries with different levels of economic development, and complement the global national macro scale PM2.5 concentration characteristics. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The perception and identification of linguistic landscape among tourists and residents in international tourism destinations: A case study of Bangkok and Chiang Mai， Thailand Chao WEI, Xuehong XIAO, Honggang XU 2024, 33(7): 33-45.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.07.20230033 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (719KB) ( )   The globalization has enhanced cultural exchanges among different countries and peoples. The communication in the cross-cultural context relies on various linguistic landscape, which materially presents language and text. In multilingual environments, linguistic landscapes have become a hot spot of academic attention. Many studies from the field of sociolinguistics have revealed issues such as identity and power in linguistic landscapes, but they usually focus on one ethnic group or one language in conventional social contexts and the use of multiple linguistic landscape in cross-cultural context needs to be further researched. This study focuses on the intersection of multiple languages and subjects in the same physical space in a particular international tourism context, aiming to present more differentiated relationships between linguistic landscapes and identity. Taking Bangkok and Chiang Mai, Thailand, as samples, this paper examines and compares the perceptions and identities of Thai residents, Chinese tourists, and non-Chinese tourists on the linguistic landscape through two interrelated sub-studies. Study 1 explores the relationship between residents' perceptions of the informative and symbolic dimensions of the Chinese and English linguistic landscape, place identity and support for the Chinese and English linguistic landscape. The result shows that the symbolic dimension of English linguistic landscape positively affects local residents' place identity and further affects the support degree of the use of English linguistic landscape, while the informative dimension of Chinese linguistic landscape make effects like that. Study 2 examines the relationships between Chinese and non-Chinese tourists' perceptions of informative and symbolic dimensions of the Chinese and English linguistic landscapes, national identity, cultural identity, collectivism and satisfaction. The result reveals that the symbolic dimension of linguistic landscape is more likely to positively influence the national identity and cultural identity of tourists. And, the linguistic landscape is more likely to positively affects the cultural identity of tourists. Besides, the moderating effect of collectivism is also examined among Chinese tourists. This paper expands the study of linguistic landscape in the context of international tourism through multi groups, but further progress is still needed. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Changes of spatial flow networks of African international students Chenhui HU, Haining JIANG 2024, 33(7): 46-58.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.07.20230016 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (2085KB) ( )   Based on the data of international students' flow from 2000 to 2018, social network analysis and negative binomial regression model are used to analyses the change of spatial networks of African students' flow and its influencing mechanism. The results show that: ① The spatial flow of African international students always presents a "butterfly" spatial distribution pattern, with the north-south flow from Africa to Europe as the main path, and the expansion of Africa to other continents as the secondary path. ② The change of spatial flow network structure of African international students shows significant scale expansion and relative agglomeration. While the number of African international student increases significantly, the scale of international African student among different countries has a hierarchical distribution gap. ③ The nodes of spatial flow network of African international students always present a core-edge structure, and the spatial flow network is increasingly closely connected. The clustering characteristics of African international students flowing to core and sub-core nodes are becoming increasingly significant. ④ Analysis of influencing factors shows that language proximity and historical colonial have the greatest influence on the choice of African international students, followed by the level of education in universities. In addition, agglomeration effect, trade connection, and geographical distance have little influence, while the number of college students in host country, GDP difference and per capita GDP difference have the least influence. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on spatial differentiation characteristics of eco-environmental effects of land use change in Tanzania Jiaqi ZHANG, Cheng YU, Qiushi SHEN 2024, 33(7): 59-72.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.07.20222268 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1025KB) ( )   Tanzania is an important gateway for "the Belt and Road" initiative to reach the interior of Africa. It is faced with the ecological environment deterioration and the increasing threat of climate change. Based on the global 30-meter spatial resolution land cover data and multi-source socio-economic and natural environment data, this study comprehensively uses research methods such as eco-environmental quality index, gravity center migration analysis, hot spot analysis, and geodetector to analyze the spatial differentiation characteristics of land use change and its ecological environment effects in Tanzania from 2000 to 2020. The results show that: ① The rate of land use change in Tanzania has slowed down, the area of cultivated land and artificial surface continued to increase, while the area of forest land and water body continued to decrease. The mutual transformation of cultivated land, forest land, grassland and shrubland was the main form of land use change. ②The eco-environmental quality index has been declining, with the central railway line as the boundary, showing the distribution characteristics of "high in the south and low in the north". The spatial pattern was relatively stable, and the gravity center was always within the scope of the capital city Dodoma. ③The spatial agglomeration characteristics of changes in eco-environmental quality were significant. The distribution range and agglomeration area of cold spots and hot spots were large from 2000 to 2010, and decreased from 2010 to 2020. The mutual transformation among cultivated land, forest land and grassland was the main type of land use transformation that affects the quality of ecological environment. ④The contribution rate and significance of different influencing factors on eco-environmental quality in different regions were different. The influence of social and economic factors was greater than that of natural factors, while the synergy between natural factors was greater than that of social and economic factors. The population distribution has significantly strengthened the impact of various natural factors on the quality of the ecological environment. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The potential and path choice of the strategic docking between "the Belt and Road" initiative and the "Connect Papua New Guinea" strategy Cuihong MA 2024, 33(7): 73-85.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.07.20222305 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (604KB) ( )   From an overall point of view, discussing the strategic docking between China and Papua New Guinea(PNG) is of reference and exemplary significance for the strategic docking between China and other Pacific island countries. The strategic docking of the Belt and Road Initiative and Connect PNG has great potential. First, the bilateral relations between China and Papua New Guinea have been operating well. Second, the economies of the two countries are highly complementary. Third, the early cooperation between the two countries has laid the foundation for further cooperation.Based on the analysis of potential for strategic docking, this paper outlined the path for the strategic alignment between the Belt and Road Initiative and the Connect PNG strategy. A solid mechanism can effectively ensure the connection between the conceptual level and the practical level. What needs to be acknowledged is that opportunities and challenges coexist. Although the prospects for the strategy docking between the Belt and Road initiative and the Connect PNG strategy are broad, they are facing enormous challenges. These challenges mainly lie in the domestic aspects of PNG, the South Pacific region and the global powers competing for the dominance of the South Pacific region. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatial spillover effect and differentiation of high-speed railway stations and intercity railway stations in China: An empirical study based on night-time light datasets Lu YU, Xinyun ZHANG 2024, 33(7): 86-98.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.07.20222301 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (926KB) ( )   With the comprehensive development of China's high-speed rail and intercity rail construction in recent years, the so-called "HSR new city" or urban complex of railway station is becoming the "new engine" for the development of many cities along the lines. This paper takes the high-speed railway stations and intercity railway stations on the main lines in China as examples to analyze the spatial spillover effect and spatial differentiation of railway stations on the surrounding areas. Due to the lack of relevant socio-economic data, this paper applies DMSP/OLS and NPP/VIIRS satellite lighting data; combined with multi-period DID model and spatial buffer analysis to evaluate the above effect. The research results show that the opening of the railway station has a significant spatial spillover effect on the surrounding areas. And the spillover effect decreases rapidly with the increase of distance. The threshold range of the high-speed railway station is about 7 kilometers, while the threshold range of the intercity railway station is about 5 kilometers. This spillover effect has obvious heterogeneity according to scale of station, and it is bigger in medium-sized sites. In terms of regional performance, this spillover effect is most at railway stations in the Central China, followed by the Western China, and relatively weak in the Eastern China and Northeast China. According to the empirical results, it is also found that in order to take advantage of the spillover effect of the railroad station, the distance from the railroad station to the central city should be 10-40 km. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The mechanism and spatial effect of digital economy on the integration of urban and rural areas: Shiyi PENG, Yajing YU, Qiqi ZHAO 2024, 33(7): 99-115.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.07.20222129 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1915KB) ( )   Taking the development of digital economy as the starting point, combined with the realistic background of the integration of urban and rural areas in China, and using the method of spatial econometrics this paper analyzes the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of digital economy and urban-rural integration in China, and explores their action mechanism and spatial effect. The main conclusions are as follows:①The integrated development of urban and rural areas and the development of digital economy in China show a slow and steady growth trend, but the overall level is low, the regional development is unbalanced, and the characteristics of spatial differentiation are more obvious.②The total spatial effect of digital economy on the integration of urban and rural areas is significantly positive. That is, the rapid development of digital economy promotes the integration of urban and rural areas, and further strengthens the free flow of elements between urban and rural areas. At the same time, digital technology also provides conditions for the comprehensive integration of urban and rural areas.③The impact of digital economy on urban-rural integration is heterogeneous, especially in the central and western regions and areas with a high degree of integration.④The level of digital infrastructure, the development level of digital industrialization and the degree of application of industrial digitization are important factors that affect the development of urban-rural integration. Therefore, we should increase the construction of digital infrastructure, coordinate the balanced development of digital economy in various regions, implement the digital-driven strategy, and promote the deep integration of urban and rural areas. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evolution and influencing factors of sustainable efficiency of port cities below Nanjing on the Yangtze River Yuqi CHEN, Xuezhong JIANG 2024, 33(7): 116-127.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.07.20220095 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1208KB) ( )   The completion of 12.5 m deep water navigation channel in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River has an important impact on the development of port cities from Nanjing to Shanghai. In this research, we put the port system and the urban system into a holistic analysis system framework, the sustainable efficiency of nine port cities below the Nanjing on the Yangtze River is calculated by using the two stage SBM-DEA Model. The results showed that the sustainable efficiency of different port cities was all increased from 2011 to 2019. In terms of spatial distribution, the sustainable efficiency fluctuates in some regions, and the oceanic port was higher than the inland ports. And the industrial structure and foreign trade volume have a significant positive impact on the sustainable efficiency of the port cities, but economic level, population density and the number of talents have a negative correlation with sustainable efficiency of port cities. The comprehensive research on Port Geography and Urban Geography would enrich the understanding about the port-city interaction, and hopes that could contribute to the future researches on the port city sustainable development. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the influence of digital economy on regional integration and its mechanism: Fei JIN, Changle XU 2024, 33(7): 128-138.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.07.20222273 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (633KB) ( )   The era of digital economy is an important opportunity to promote the regional integration strategy. Based on the theoretical analysis of the causal relationship between digital economy and regional integration, using the data of 26 prefecture-level cities in the Yangtze River Delta region from 2013 to 2020, an evaluation index system of digital economy and regional integration was constructed, and the panel data fixed effect model was used to empirically test the impact of digital economy on regional integration and its mechanism. It is found that: ① the development of digital economy can significantly promote the process of regional and regional integration, and from the perspective of subdivision, digital infrastructure has the greatest positive effect on regional integration, followed by digital industry; ② Optimizing the allocation of regional capital, technology and human factors is an important path for the digital economy to promote regional integration, among which the improvement of the allocation level of capital factors has the greatest impact on the regional integration effect of the digital economy. Therefore, further deepening regional integration should improve the level of regional digital economy development, continue to promote and improve the construction of digital infrastructure, strengthen the training of talents with higher education, and continuously stimulate the driving role of the digital economy in regional integration. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatial and temporal evolution of climate comfort index in China and its impact on tourism Peijun RONG, Rongrong ZHANG, Xianhong ZHAO 2024, 33(7): 139-149.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.07.20222103 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1602KB) ( )   Climate comfort is an important indicator of the attractiveness of tourist destinations, and its impact on the tourism industry has been paid attention to by scholars. According to the daily meteorological data of China from 1990 to 2020, the climate comfort level model was used to classify the climate comfort level, and the spatio-temporal evolution law of China's climate comfort level was explored, and then the influence of climate comfort level on domestic and inbound tourists in various provinces and regions was explained through the second-order partial correlation analysis. The results show that: ① The spatial distribution of China's climatic comfort zones shows obvious zonal distribution law, and there is also a certain degree of longitude inclination under the influence of topography, and the spatial distribution of climatic discomfort zones is basically locked by Hu Huanyong line and ladder dividing line. ② Since 1990, China's climate comfort index has not shown an obvious downward trend in most regions, and China's climate as a whole is developing in a more livable and comfortable direction. ③ Climate comfort level is an important factor affecting the tourism market in most regions, and the comfort level of Qinghai, Ningxia, Gansu, Hainan and Beijing has the most obvious influence on the number of tourists. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A review of the cooperation mechanism and regional development effect of innovation network Xianzhong CAO, Han BAO, Bo CHEN, Gang ZENG 2024, 33(7): 150-159.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.07.20222094 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (526KB) ( )   In recent years, research on innovation network and regional development has occupied an important position in the field of economic geography. However, there is a lack of systematic combing of the spatial interaction between innovation network cooperation mechanism and regional development. This paper focuses on the cooperation mechanism of innovation network and the relationship between innovation network and regional development, and analyzes the relevant research literature in the field of economic geography. Results show that the existing research pays more attention to the characteristics and evolution dynamics of the network, and the quantitative research on the role of innovation network in regional development is mostly the case of western developed countries. There are still great disputes about the measurement methods, formation and mechanism, development effects and other related research of innovation network. Finally, this paper pointed out the future research direction. This study aims to further enrich and improve the theoretical system of innovation network through this study. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The scientific connotation, formation mechanism and theoretical significance of border internalization: A case of China's border control policy Xuefeng HOU, Wei TAO 2024, 33(7): 160-171.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.07.20222195 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1466KB) ( )   National borders or external borders occupy the majority of studies in border academic research for a long time. The productivity and spatial governance significance of internal bordering are seldom studied. Compared with the control mode of expanding border externalization generally implemented in the west, China adopts the inward contracting border internalization mode. In terms of border internalization, the functional borders are set up according to the different participating actors within the nation, which facilitate the different control modes on the borders and effective governance on the border space. Border internalization is the theoretical extraction of China's series of border control policies. It developed from the "Willow Palisades" policy implemented in the Northeast in the early Qing Dynasty and matured in the border management area policy designated by China. Border internalization is characterized by both differentiation and contact. By dividing the interior and absorbing the exterior, border internalization not only avoids the western border violence and border ethical crisis, but also effectively establishes an inclusive and orderly border space. Border internalization is a great initiative of China's border governance,which has great application value in border control and far-reaching significance for the border study. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatial coupling relationship between rural population and economy in Henan Province Yang LIU, Jiajun QIAO, Jie XIAO, Yuzhen ZHANG, Tao PAN 2024, 33(7): 172-183.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.07.20222097 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1848KB) ( )   The article takes 105 county units in rural areas of Henan Province as an example, takes population-economy factors in rural areas from 2010 to 2020 as the research object, and uses coupling relationship measurement model, spatial autocorrelation analysis and GIS visualization analysis to reveal the spatial coupling relationship of population-economy in rural areas of Henan Province in the context of rural contraction. The results show that the overall population of rural areas in Henan Province is decreasing, the high value areas are concentrated in East and Central Henan, and the low value areas are concentrated in South and West Henan in an "L" shape and remain stable. The spatial distribution of areas with high rural population-economy concentration is consistent and dominated by coordinated development, with comparable population-economy concentration; the driving factors of the rural population-economy spatial coupling relationship are analyzed at the macro level, involving seven aspects: policy, society, humanities, economy, industry, transportation and location. The future development of rural areas should be based on the need for policies to enhance the benefits of population agglomeration and improve the level of economic development, as well as to strengthen the construction of basic public service facilities to promote coordinated population-economy development in rural areas. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Review of Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centers:Theory and Practices George C.S. Lin 2024, 33(7): 184-188.  Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (409KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics