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15 June 2024, Volume 33 Issue 6 Previous Issue   

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A study on spatial-temporal pattern evolution of global rare earth trade network and China's status change Hangfei LI, Shaobin WEI 2024, 33(6): 1-13.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.06.20222143 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (955KB) ( )   In order to describe the evolution process of global rare earth trade clearly, based on the United Nations commodity trade data from 1991 to 2021, social network analysis method was used to sort out the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of global rare earth trade pattern since 1991. The results show that: ① In terms of the structure of rare earth trade products, downstream products always dominate the import and export of rare earth. China has become a major importer and exporter of rare earth with its strong market demand and resource endowment. ② In terms of network structure, the complexity of global rare earth trade network is gradually increasing, showing the characteristics of network structure dominated by exporting countries, and the trading countries with high node degree are in the core position in the whole network. "Peer-to-peer" trade patterns are obvious and economies are highly dependent on each other. ③ The interdependence degree of rare earth trade between China and other countries (regions) is deepening, the scale of individual network is expanding, the role of "bridge" in the rare earth trade network is significantly improved, the ability to use structural holes is increasing year by year, and the flexibility and freedom of the network are constantly enhanced. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The structure of global cross-border mergers and acquisitions network of digital cultural enterprises and its temporal and spatial evolution Tianyu CHEN, Xuefang XIE 2024, 33(6): 14-26.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.06.20222220 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (991KB) ( )   The cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&A) of digital cultural enterprises have formed a "reticular space" between countries (regions) regarding advanced production factors such as capital, technology, and knowledge, and have an important impact on reshaping the economic geographic configuration of the world. Based on this, this paper used complex network methods and GIS spatial technology to explore the structure of global cross-border M&A network of digital cultural enterprises and its evolution law. The results show that: ① The cross-border M&A network of digital cultural enterprises is gradually evolving from a "dual-core" pattern dominated by North America and Western Europe to a "three-pole" pattern dominated by North America, Western Europe, and Asia-Pacific; ② The polarization caused by economic globalization has induced the phenomenon of "rich club" in the cross-border M&A network of digital cultural enterprises, and the centralization of the cross-border M&A network of global digital cultural enterprises has been deepening; ③ The refinement of the division of global labor system of digital cultural enterprises and the deepening of regional economic grouping and integration have enhanced the M&A preference and contact level between neighboring countries (regions); ④ The cross-border M&A network of digital cultural enterprises is characterized by a "core-periphery" structure. Among them, North America and Western Europe always occupy the core of the network; while Africa, Latin America, and Central Asia and West Asia are located at the edge of the network and are in a state of being "harvested". Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on initial allocation of transboundary water resources by the vision of equal consultation: Take the Lancang-Mekong River Basin as an example Fang LI, Fengping WU, Yue ZHAO, Xiangnan CHEN 2024, 33(6): 27-38.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.06.20222244 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (885KB) ( )   Transboundary water resource allocation is the core issue to alleviate water resources conflicts and realize effective management and utilization of water resources. Based on the perspective of equal negotiation, we used the Negotiation Game Model to describe the cooperation path among basin countries. Firstly, we introduced the idea of flexible weight to establish a fair and reasonable allocation mode by using a Multi-criteria Decision Model. Then, we used the negotiation game model to approximate the negotiation process of each basin country, to explore a fair and reasonable initial allocation scheme of transboundary water resources that can be generally recognized by each basin country. Taking the Lancang-Mekong River Basin (LMRB) as an example for empirical analysis, the results show that: ① The negotiation scheme proposed by each basin country based on the constraint of fair and reasonable allocation mode reflects the interest demands of each basin country, but the sum of the ideal water rights allocation ratio of each basin country does not meet the constraint condition equal to 100%, so negotiation is required. Each country bears a certain loss of water rights, and the reduction of water rights borne by each basin country ranges from zero to 5.02%; ② The average satisfaction of the optimized allocation scheme under different preference scenarios is above 90%, which has higher satisfaction and stability compared with the negotiation scheme proposed by each basin country. It indicates that finding the optimal solution of water resource allocation based on the subject satisfaction function considers the interest demands of each basin country, which can improve the acceptability of the transboundary water rights allocation scheme; ③ Under different allocation scenarios, the proportion of transboundary water rights allocated to China and Thailand is higher, while the proportion allocated to Myanmar is lower. From the perspective of the change rate and the average satisfaction of each basin country before and after the negotiation, the transboundary water rights allocation scheme under the preference equity scenario and preference efficiency scenario is the less controversial scheme for each basin country. This study aims to improve the rationality and feasibility of transboundary water resource allocation and provide support for reducing water resource conflicts. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Beyond the state-centralism: The scalar politics in Ukraine's decentralization reforms Hongji XU, Yungang LIU, Fenglong WANG 2024, 33(6): 39-54.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.06.20222390 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1168KB) ( )   The Russia-Ukraine conflict is currently a hot issue of geopolitics and has far-reaching implications for the future international geopolitical structure. The existing discussion of the Russia-Ukraine conflict is dominated by the perspective of the superpower game, which mainly understands Ukraine as a "pawn" in the confrontation between Russia and the "West" in the European geopolitical dilemma and lacks attention to Ukraine itself. Based on the theory of politics of scale, this study focuses on the different scalar strategies adopted by Ukrainian domestic actors in the decentralization reform, using the example of Ukraine's decentralization reform. This study found that the Ukraine crisis was a multi-scalar coupled process in which the Russia-Ukraine conflict interacted with Ukraine's decentralization reform; a process in which Ukrainian domestic actors played a very important role and adopted very different scalar political strategies at different stages of the reform. In the early reform stage, the pro-Euro protesters mainly resorted to upscaling tactics such as protests and violent struggles to expand their influence; in the middle reform stage, the new government, to counter Russian intervention, resorted to more downscaling tactics to try to prevent Donbas civil society organizations from becoming independent; in the late reform stage, the Ukrainian central government reconstructed its cross-scale network of contacts with the EU and pushed the issue of Donbas autonomy up to the international scale, which also triggered the subsequent Russia-Ukraine conflict. This study contributes to a broader understanding of the causes and processes of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, and also expands the framework of geopolitical analysis applied cross-scale, promoting the application of the theory of politics of scale in the research of geopolitics. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The historical changes, evolutionary logic and future development of Australia's geopolitical understanding of Asia Chang ZHAO, Zhixiang MA 2024, 33(6): 55-63.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.06.20230124 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (557KB) ( )   The geographical features of closing to Asia and facing the ocean on three sides have had a direct impact on Australia's Asian geopolitical cognition. Several geographical views with notable time characteristics, such as "Far East", "Near North", "Asia-Pacific" and "Indo-Pacific", have been generated. There are many reasons for Australia's continuous reconstruction of Asia's geopolitical cognition, and the structural factors such as culture and geography, economy and security, strength and ambition are particularly significant, which present the evolution logic of Australia's geopolitical cognition of Asia. What is more noteworthy is that security has always dominated Australia's geopolitical cognition of Asia, which has been manifested in pan-security demands such as cultural security, economic security, and national defense security at different times. Wrong security perception has caused Australia's geopolitical security problems, and establishing a correct security concept can help Australia coordinate relations with Asian countries and relieve Australia's security dilemma. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the evolution of spatial pattern of population distribution and its influencing factors in Kenya Bin HU, Jun LIU 2024, 33(6): 64-75.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.06.20222215 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1176KB) ( )   Based on the data of Kenya's four national population censuses, exploratory spatial data analysis, standard deviation ellipse, and population shift-share model were used to analyze the spatial pattern evolution characteristics of the population distribution of 47 administrative units in Kenya from 1989 to 2019. Then, this paper employed geographic detector to further analyze the influencing factors. The results show that: ① During the study period, the distribution pattern of population density in Kenya is relatively stable, showing high southwest and low northeast. ② There are obvious spatial differences in population offset growth in different cities, mainly positive offset growth and negative offset growth types. And the population distribution center is northwest of the capital Nairobi and continues to migrate southeast. ③ Natural and socio-economic factors jointly influence the spatial evolution pattern of population distribution in Kenya. Under the influence of elevation, climate, precipitation, economic development level and transportation infrastructure construction, the population is concentrated in a few areas along the southwest and southeast coasts of Kenya. Kenya has roughly formed a high-density population cluster centered on Nairobi, the national administrative center, Kisumu on the shores of Lake Victoria, and Mombasa, the largest port on the coast. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Temporal and spatial evolvement of Taiwan's Direct Investment in manufacturing industry under the impact of important external events Yuran ZHOU, Suqiong WEI, Lei ZHAO, Xiaojun YOU 2024, 33(6): 76-88.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.06.20220472 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1316KB) ( )   Based on the analysis of the spatial and temporal patterns of Taiwan's Direct Investment (TDI) in manufacturing from 2009 to 2021, a panel regression model was established to explore the impact of important external events on the location choice of TDI in manufacturing industry and different sub-sectors of manufacturing industry. The results show that: (1) From 2009 to 2021, the amount of TDI in manufacturing industry showed a state of mutual growth and decline between investment in the Chinese mainland and outside the Chinese mainland. For the industry type, the state of mutual growth and decline of TDI in technology-intensive industries was the most prominent. TDI in manufacturing industry with the Chinese mainland as the core of the regional characteristics of investment gradually weakened,and technology-intensive and labor-intensive manufacturing industries have the most obvious trend of regional transfer. (2) The impact of Sino-US trade friction on the amount of TDI in manufacturing industry is significant,the impact of Sino-US trade friction on location choice of TDI in manufacturing industry is not significant. The "New Southbound Policy" has a promotion effect on TDI in manufacturing to "New Southbound" countries. The COVID-19 pandemic has no significant impact on the location choice of TDI in manufacturing. Market size, labor cost, technological level, trade openness and distance are still important factors influencing the location choice of TDI in manufacturing industry. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on spatial disparities of industrial natural gas subsidy and impact of alteration in China Li GONG, Leihao ZHU, Lu MA 2024, 33(6): 89-101.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.06.20222042 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1202KB) ( )   Based on China's industrial natural gas consumption data from 2010 to 2017, this paper analyzed the spatio-temporal pattern of China's industrial natural gas subsidies from the two dimensions of subsidy scale and subsidy level, measured the spatial disparities of subsidies, and further analyzed the impact of industrial natural gas subsidy alteration from a spatial perspective based on the price elasticity of energy demand. The research finds that: ① the natural gas price reform in non-residential sectors has effectively reduced industrial natural gas subsidies; The distribution of subsidies shows a spatial pattern of high in the west and low in the east, and there are significant disparities in subsidies between provinces and regions; After the price reform was basically completed, the focus of subsidies further shifted to the west. Besides, provinces with negative subsidies increased and mainly appeared in the Northeast China, Central China, East China and South China. ② The subsidy level of some provinces in Northeast China, central China, East China and South China was too low from 2015 to 2017, which led to the expansion of the spatial disparities of subsidies during this period; East China, South China and Northwest China are the main sources of inter-regional disparities of subsidies, and the spatial differences in subsidies within regions are mainly affected by East China and South China. ③There is a strong positive correlation between the spatial disparities of industrial structure and industrial energy intensity and the spatial disparities of industrial natural gas subsidy. In addition, after the marketization reform of natural gas prices in the non-residential sector was introduced nationwide, the spatial disparities of industrial natural gas subsidy have been more affected by market forces. ④Adjusting the spatial allocation of industrial natural gas subsidies can significantly reduce the spatial disparities of subsidies and improve the overall benefits of subsidies. Specifically, the elimination of negative subsidies will bring the greatest overall benefits. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Cross-regional co-construction of parks in the Yangtze River Delta: Spatiotemporal characteristics, urban preferences and influence mechanisms Ting WANG, Yi LI, Haonan ZHOU 2024, 33(6): 102-115.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.06.20222066 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (2151KB) ( )   Based on the spatial data of co-construction parks from government websites, using ESDA, network hierarchical clustering and geographic detector to simulate and analyze the spatial distribution characteristics, urban preferences and influencing mechanisms of co-construction parks. The results show that: ① Since 2003, the number of co-construction parks in 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta has been on the rise, and the regional center of co-construction parks has moved from north to south; ② Spatially, it is an irregular circle-like distribution with multi-point diffusion,and presents a regional distribution, with huge spatial spillover and equilibrium. ③ The co-construction parks cities have formed 5-level clusters, and the classification results have urban spatial correlation and volatility, and especially Yancheng, Nantong of the first and second level cities are the most preferred cities for co-construction parks selection. ④ Factor interaction has a greater determinant effect on the spatial and temporal distribution and regional preference of co-construction parks. The primary driving factor is policy and system, and the rest of the driving factors in order from large to small are training exchanges, exchange platforms, secondment of cadres, transformation of industrial scientific research bases, and degree of market openness. There are obvious urban spatial differences among the factors. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The evolution and influencing factors of specialized agglomeration of leading industries in the Yangtze River Delta region Jiangjiang KANG, Yuemin NING 2024, 33(6): 116-127.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.06.20220196 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1302KB) ( )   Taking 312 county units in the Yangtze River Delta region as the research objects, this paper expounds the spatial cluster characteristics and change rules of the three leading manufacturing industries with the comprehensive application of spatial cluster index, and analyzes the influencing factors by using the spatial panel data model. The main conclusions are as follows: First of all, the spatial cluster characteristics of the leading manufacturing showing a significant spatial imbalance in the Yangtze River Delta region. The cluster center is mainly located in the region composed of southern region of Jiangsu Province, Shanghai and northwestern region of Zhejiang Province, and this distribution pattern is relatively stable. The north region of Jiangsu Province and southwest region of Zhejiang Province are mainly in the sub-marginal position, and the leading industries cluster are less. Anhui Province is mainly in the marginal position, and most of the county units in Anhui Province do not have cluster advantages. The electronic information manufacturing shows the most obvious characteristics of core-periphery distribution. Although there are differences between textile industry and automobile manufacturing, it can be proved this characteristic. Secondly, the advantages of land cost and labor cost will attract leading industries to agglomeration. The expansion of local market scale has a negative effect on the spatial cluster of electronic information manufacturing. The construction of development zones above the provincial level will have different effects on the spatial cluster of textile industry and electronic information manufacturing. Thirdly, the development of urbanization and the growth of city size will promote the spatial cluster of automobile manufacturing and electronic information manufacturing, which is not conducive to the spatial cluster of textile industry. Fourthly, the globalization factors such as foreign capital entry and export increase will promote the improvement of spatial cluster of leading industries in the Yangtze River Delta region. Finally, we put forward specific countermeasures and suggestions from the aspects of promoting specialized industrial agglomeration and intra-regional industrial division of labor. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of rural resilience measurement and its influencing factors based on county scale: A case study of Hunan Province Guandong SONG, Chengli TANG, Guohua ZHOU 2024, 33(6): 128-140.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.06.20222029 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1261KB) ( )   This paper constructs a rural resilience measurement index system from three dimensions: resistance and absorptive capacity, recovery and adaptive capacity, innovation and transformation capacity. Taking 101 counties (cities, districts) in Hunan Province as the research units and 2012-2020 as the research period, this paper uses TOPSIS and grey correlation analysis to measure the level of rural resilience in Hunan Province and analyze its influencing factors. Results show that: ① From 2012 to 2020, rural resilience in Hunan Province has steadily improved, but the overall resilience level is still not high. Resistance and absorptive capacity, recovery and adaptability have improved significantly, and innovation and transformation capabilities have changed little and have been at a low level, which has become a weakness of rural resilience in Hunan Province; ② In terms of spatial pattern, the spatial distribution of rural resilience in Hunan Province is clearly differentiated. The resilience level is more consistent with the economic and social development level of the city where it is located. The Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration has a high level of resilience, followed by the Dongting Lake area and southern Hunan, and the lowest pattern in the Xiangxi area; ③ From the perspective of influencing factors, the level of economic development and social structure have a greater impact on rural resilience. In view of the differences in resilience levels between regions in Hunan Province, measures should be taken in accordance with local conditions, grasp the key factors affecting rural resilience according to different regional characteristics, and take targeted measures to improve the overall level of rural resilience. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the spatial correlation between the high-quality basic education resources and housing prices to pursuing a balanced development: A case study of Guangzhou Yiting LIN, Hong CHEN, Jiawen YANG, Huiming HUANG, Xiongbin LIN 2024, 33(6): 141-153.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.06.20222022 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1434KB) ( )   The studies on balancing high-quality basic education development and controlling the increasing housing prices for sustainable development and social equity in big cities have drawn a huge academic attention. Taking Guangzhou's sub-districts as study areas, this research investigates the relationships of spatial distribution between housing prices and the high-quality schools with different grades and stages through examining point of interest (POI) data. The results show that: ① The public fiscal investment, educational reforms, enrollment changes, population numbers, applicant poll, as well as the local history, spatial planning and its functions are key factors that affect the spatial relationships between high-quality schools and housing prices. ② From the perspective of educational stages, high-quality elementary schools contribute the greatest correlation with housing prices, while sequentially the kindergartens, secondary schools and high schools are less related. ③ The general spatial correlation presents a "core-periphery" differentiation between the inner city and the suburban area from high to low in the municipality of Guangzhou; while in sub-districts level, the higher the density of high-quality schools, the more costly the housing it is. ④ There is a strong correlation relationship between the density of high-quality public schools and the high housing prices in city core, and there is a high agglomeration of high-quality private schools in the suburbs, especially the private kindergartens at the municipal level, contributes the greatest correlation with housing prices, while there is no correlation between the high quality schools and housing prices in the outskirts. The research calls for a reform to decrease the strong correlation between the high quality basic education and housing prices through rational planning by locating more better schools to suburban areas to change the imbalance of basic education distribution in Chinese cities. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The role of urban nightlife in perceived social integration: Perspectives of international students in Nanjing Wenjia JIANG, Yingzi FU 2024, 33(6): 154-166.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.06.20220269 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1141KB) ( )   International students play an important role in the global competition for talents and exchange and cooperation between different culture, thus more attention shall be paid on the integration of international students to the local society. Through in-depth interviews and observations of nightlife scenes in Nanjing, this study analyzes the urban nightlife experiences and self perceived social integration of international students from a multi-disciplinary perspective, revealing their spatial social behavior and social and spatial integration or separation in different nightlife scenes. The results are as follows: ① International students can gain a sense of satisfaction in their nightlife, expand their social networks, deepen their understanding of local society, thereby enhancing their subjective perception of social connections, life satisfaction, and understanding of the host culture, which has a significant impact on their social integration; ② Overreliance on the same cultural group can lead to separation from the local community, and Western students have a higher degree of integration than Korean students; ③ Having a richer nightlife experience and the coexistence of entertainment and educational properties supported by local students enables international students to have a higher degree of integration; ④ Dense and safe nightlife venues can enhance the nightlife experience of international students. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the space-time evolution and spillover effect of public sports resources allocation of Chinese teenagers: Analysis of Spatial Durbin Model based on inter provincial panel data Lei JIANG, Youyin ZHANG, Lihong YANG, Pengpeng LI 2024, 33(6): 167-182.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.06.20222057 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1434KB) ( )   The balanced and rational allocation of public sports resources for teenagers is an important part of the reform of public sports services for youth in the 14th Five-Year period ( 2021-2025) and is of great practical significance in promoting healthy physical and mental development for teenagers. Using the Comprehensive Evaluation Measurement Model, Exploratory Spatial Analysis (ESDA), Spatial Dubin Model and its partial differential decomposition and other measurement methods, this paper explored the spatial and temporal pattern and spatial spillover effect of the allocation level of public sports resources for teenagers in China from 2010 to 2019. The results show that: ① The allocation level of public sports resources for young people at the national and provincial levels has generally maintained a steady upward trend, showing a gradient distribution pattern of "southwest northeast" direction diffusion and increase, showing a spatial evolution trend from "spot" to "block"; Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin and the Northeast are high-level clusters, while the central and western regions are low-level clusters. ② The level of economic development and government support have a significant role in promoting the level of allocation and show a positive spatial spillover effect, while the level of urbanization and regional fertility have a negative impact and show a negative spillover effect. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The teaching concept about establishing morality in the construction of textbooks Junjie YANG, Ling XIONG 2024, 33(6): 183-188.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.06.20220209 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (534KB) ( )   Textbooks for higher education in China are those under socialist higher education. How to improve the ideological, guiding and scientific nature of the teaching materials is an important goal that every textbook editor should pursue. How to build a prominent ideological, correct guidance, strong scientific world geography textbook is a glorious and difficult task. This textbook through careful design, with a high sense of political responsibility, extracts a set of rich, profound, vivid and rich sense of The Times teaching idea about establishing morality.These teaching idea fully adhere to the principles of Marxism, deeply integrated into the socialist core value system, internalizes the ideological and theoretical connotation of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, fully enhance the ideological and academic nature of the World Geography textbook. References | Related Articles | Metrics