Spatio-temporal coupling process of urbanization and resource-environmental pressure in Liaoning Province

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2022.02.2020577

Abstract

Abstract:

The strategy of "new urbanization" calls for a harmonious coexistence between man and nature and a path of green, low-carbon, efficient and intensive sustainable development. This paper constructs an evaluation index system of urbanization and resource-environmental pressure, and applies the grey correlation degree and coupling coordination degree model to study the space-time coupling process of urbanization process and resource environment pressure in Liaoning. The results show that: (1) from 1996 to 2017, the urbanization level of Liaoning province has been increasing, and the pressure of resources and environment has been decreasing. The coupling of the two has always been at the antagonistic stage, and the coupling coordination relationship has undergone a process of transformation from low coordination to medium coordination and then to high coordination. The built-up area is the most typical limiting factor of urbanization in Liaoning province, and land resource occupation is the most typical limiting factor of resources and environment. (2) There is a large spatial difference in the urbanization level of 14 cities in Liaoning province. Shenyang and Dalian are always at the forefront of urbanization development within the province, while Chaoyang and Tieling are relatively backward. The degree of coupling coordination between urbanization and pressure of resources and environment presents the characteristics of high cities in the southeast and low cities in the northwest, which presents a certain spatial correspondence with the development level of urbanization.

Key words: urbanization, resource-environmental pressure, coupling relationship, time-space analysis, Liaoning Province

摘要：

“新型城镇化”战略要求人与自然和谐共生，走绿色低碳、高效集约的可持续发展道路。构建城市化与资源环境压力的评价指标体系，并应用灰色关联度和耦合协调度模型，对辽宁省城市化进程与资源环境压力的时空耦合过程进行研究。结果表明：1996—2017年辽宁省城市化水平不断提高，资源环境压力呈下降趋势；两者的耦合作用一直处于颉颃阶段，耦合协调关系经历了低度协调向中度协调再向高度协调转变的过程；建成区面积是最典型的城市化限制因素，土地资源占用是最典型的资源环境限制因素。辽宁省14地市城市化水平的空间差异较大，沈阳、大连始终居于省内城市化发展前列，而朝阳和铁岭较为落后；城市化与资源环境压力的耦合协调度在空间上呈现出东南高、西北低的特点，这与城市化发展水平呈现一定的空间对应关系。

关键词: 城市化, 资源环境压力, 耦合关系, 时空分析, 辽宁省

Xinyu YANG, Fangqu NIU. Spatio-temporal coupling process of urbanization and resource-environmental pressure in Liaoning Province[J]. World Regional Studies, 2022, 31(2): 317-328.

杨欣雨, 牛方曲. 辽宁省城市化进程与资源环境压力时空耦合过程研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2022, 31(2): 317-328.

Figures/Tables 6

Tab.1 Evaluation index system of urbanization and resource environment pressure in Liaoning Province

城市化水平测度 $A 1$	类型	指标
	人口城市化 $X 1$	$x 1$ 城镇人口比重⁺、 $x 2$ 第三产业与第二产业从业人员比⁺、 $x 3$ 第三产业从业人员比重⁺、 $x 4$ 市区人口密度⁺
	经济城市化 $X 2$	$x 5$ 人均GDP⁺、 $x 6$ 第三产业产值比重⁺、 $x 7$ 第三产业与第二产业产值比⁺、 $x 8$ 人均工业总产值⁺
	社会城市化 $X 3$	$x 9$ 每十万人在校大学生数⁺、 $x 10$ 每万人拥有病床数⁺、 $x 11$ 每万人拥有医生数⁺、 $x 12$ 每万人拥有公交车数⁺
	空间城市化 $X 4$	$x 13$ 人均城市道路面积⁺、 $x 14$ 人均公园绿地面积⁺、 $x 15$ 建成区面积⁺、 $x 16$ 建成区绿化覆盖率⁺
资源环境压力测度 $B 2$	资源压力指数 $Y 1$	$y 1$ 土地资源压力指数⁺、 $y 2 人力资源压力指数$ ⁺、 $y 3$ 水资源压力指数⁺、 $y 4$ 用电资源压力指数⁺
资源环境压力测度 $B 2$	环境压力指数 $Y 2$	$y 5$ 工业废水排放量^-、 $y 6$ 工业废气排放量^-、 $y 7$ 工业固体废弃物产生量^-、 $y 8$ 工业 $S O 2$ 排放量^-

Tab.1 Evaluation index system of urbanization and resource environment pressure in Liaoning Province

城市化水平测度 $A 1$	类型	指标
	人口城市化 $X 1$	$x 1$ 城镇人口比重⁺、 $x 2$ 第三产业与第二产业从业人员比⁺、 $x 3$ 第三产业从业人员比重⁺、 $x 4$ 市区人口密度⁺
	经济城市化 $X 2$	$x 5$ 人均GDP⁺、 $x 6$ 第三产业产值比重⁺、 $x 7$ 第三产业与第二产业产值比⁺、 $x 8$ 人均工业总产值⁺
	社会城市化 $X 3$	$x 9$ 每十万人在校大学生数⁺、 $x 10$ 每万人拥有病床数⁺、 $x 11$ 每万人拥有医生数⁺、 $x 12$ 每万人拥有公交车数⁺
	空间城市化 $X 4$	$x 13$ 人均城市道路面积⁺、 $x 14$ 人均公园绿地面积⁺、 $x 15$ 建成区面积⁺、 $x 16$ 建成区绿化覆盖率⁺
资源环境压力测度 $B 2$	资源压力指数 $Y 1$	$y 1$ 土地资源压力指数⁺、 $y 2 人力资源压力指数$ ⁺、 $y 3$ 水资源压力指数⁺、 $y 4$ 用电资源压力指数⁺
资源环境压力测度 $B 2$	环境压力指数 $Y 2$	$y 5$ 工业废水排放量^-、 $y 6$ 工业废气排放量^-、 $y 7$ 工业固体废弃物产生量^-、 $y 8$ 工业 $S O 2$ 排放量^-

Fig.1 The comprehensive level of urbanization and resource-environmental pressure in Liaoning，1996-2017

Fig.2 The time series variation of urbanization and resource-environment coupling degree in Liaoning，1996-2017

Tab.2 The correlation between resources-environment comprehensive scores and urbanization indicators, resource-environmental indicators in Liaoning Province

指标	$x 15$	$x 2$	$x 12$	$x 3$	$x 13$	$x 5$	$x 16$	$x 6$
关联度	0.6821	0.6768	0.6765	0.6732	0.6498	0.6406	0.6380	0.6367
指标	$x 1$	$x 9$	$x 7$	$x 14$	$x 11$	$x 8$	$x 10$	$x 4$
关联度	0.6363	0.6353	0.6251	0.6238	0.6180	0.5932	0.5922	0.5912
指标	$y 1$	$y 4$	$y 5$	$y 2$	$y 8$	$y 6$	$y 3$	$y 7$
关联度	0.8408	0.8235	0.8060	0.7616	0.6167	0.5428	0.5381	0.4844

Tab.2 The correlation between resources-environment comprehensive scores and urbanization indicators, resource-environmental indicators in Liaoning Province

指标	$x 15$	$x 2$	$x 12$	$x 3$	$x 13$	$x 5$	$x 16$	$x 6$
关联度	0.6821	0.6768	0.6765	0.6732	0.6498	0.6406	0.6380	0.6367
指标	$x 1$	$x 9$	$x 7$	$x 14$	$x 11$	$x 8$	$x 10$	$x 4$
关联度	0.6363	0.6353	0.6251	0.6238	0.6180	0.5932	0.5922	0.5912
指标	$y 1$	$y 4$	$y 5$	$y 2$	$y 8$	$y 6$	$y 3$	$y 7$
关联度	0.8408	0.8235	0.8060	0.7616	0.6167	0.5428	0.5381	0.4844

Fig.3 The urbanization and resource-environment scores of 14 cities in Liaoning in 2007 （left） and 2017 （right）

Fig. 4 The coupling coordination degree of urbanization and resource-environmental pressure in cities of Liaoning in 2007 （left） and 2017 （right）

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