主管单位:中国科学技术协会
主办单位:中国地理学会
承办单位:华东师范大学

World Regional Studies ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 179-191.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2021.01.2019690

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Difference in and determinants of subjective well-being for Chinese urban and rural residents

Chudan GU1(), Fenglong WANG2,3,4(), Feng LUO4,5   

  1. 1.School of Social Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
    2.School of Geography & The Center of Administrative Division and Spatial Governance, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
    3.The Research Center for Chinese Administrative Divisions, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
    4.The Center for Modern Chinese City Studies, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
    5.Institute of Urban Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
  • Received:2019-12-22 Revised:2020-01-30 Online:2021-01-09 Published:2021-04-09
  • Contact: Fenglong WANG

中国城乡居民幸福感的差异及影响因素研究

顾楚丹1(), 王丰龙2,3,4(), 罗峰4,5   

  1. 1.华东师范大学社会发展学院,上海 200062
    2.华南师范大学地理科学学院/行政区划与空间治理研究中心,广州 510631
    3.华东师范大学中国行政区划研究中心,上海 200062
    4.华东师范大学中国现代城市研究中心,上海 200062
    5.华东师范大学城市发展研究院,上海 200062
  • 通讯作者: 王丰龙
  • 作者简介:顾楚丹(1991-),女,博士研究生,从事公共政策与城乡关系等研究,E-mail:vozeen77@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41601144);2016年上海市社科规划课题(2016ESH001);上海市教育发展基金会和上海市教育委员会“晨光计划”(18CG28);2020年上海市软科学项目(20692108500);2020年上海高校智库内涵建设计划项目;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助

Abstract:

In the Shanghai World Expo in 2010, it was proposed that "city makes life better". However, the empirical studies provide mixed and even dividing evidences. This paper argues that it is not city itself but better city that makes our lives more satisfied. Therefore, we investigate the patterns and determinants of subjective well-being for Chinese urban and rural residents based on the 2014 China Laborforce Dynamic Survey. It is shows that Chinese urbanites generally have higher level of life satisfaction than their rural counterparts. The results of multilevel regression model indicate that the urban-rural divide of life satisfaction in China mainly attributes to the differences in their living standards, residential environment and routine activities. Based on these findings, we suggest to improve the sense of gain for urban and rural residents, accelerate the integration of urban and rural public services, promote the reform of urban housing policies, explore the model of urbanization in the unit of family rather than individuals, and implement more sound labor policy in order to increase residents' life satisfaction in urban and rural China.

Key words: urbanization, living standard, living environment, daily activities, subjective well-being, multilevel modelling

摘要:

2010年上海世界博览会提出“城市让生活更美好”。然而,当前对城乡居民幸福感的实证研究得出了不同的结论。本研究认为,城市并不必然会带来更美好的生活,而是更好的城市让生活更幸福。为此,本研究运用多层次线性回归模型,基于2014年中国劳动力动态调查(CLDS)数据对中国城乡居民的幸福感及其影响因素进行了分析。结果显示,中国城市居民的幸福感整体上高于乡村居民,这种差异主要源于城乡居民的生活水平、生活环境和生活节奏等方面的差异。因此,要实现“城市让生活更美好”的目标,需要在城市化的过程中不断提升城乡居民的获得感、推动城市住房政策改革、进一步加快城乡公共服务一体化进程、实现以家庭为单位的新型市民化模式以及推行更为健全的劳动政策。

关键词: 城市化, 生活水平, 生活环境, 日常活动, 幸福感, 多层次模型