Abstract:

This study explores how policy knowledge evolves when transferred across national contexts, focusing on the dynamic interaction of policy actors in China-Ethiopia industrial park cooperation. It develops a three-stage analytical framework—model transfer, local transformation, and governance co-evolution—to trace the institutional pathways and adaptive processes of park development over the past decade. The research employed qualitative methods, including field interviews, policy document analysis, and participatory observation, to examine how Chinese-invested industrial parks were embedded in Ethiopia's institutional environment. The findings show that policy transfer followed a dynamic and interactive process rather than a linear diffusion. In the early stage, Chinese governmental actors and enterprises exported a decontextualized policy model based on accumulated industrial park experience. During the local transformation stage, Ethiopian governments, communities, and Chinese firms engaged in continuous negotiation, re-contextualizing the model through institutional adjustments and knowledge hybridization. In the governance co-evolution stage, localized collaborative mechanisms and adapted governance structures gradually emerged, reflecting increasing institutional synergy between Chinese and Ethiopian stakeholders. This study concludes that policy diffusion under the Belt and Road Initiative is characterized by multi-actor interaction, tacit and explicit knowledge interplay, and the co-evolution of governance structures. It contributes to development geography by conceptualizing policy transfer as a relational and adaptive process and offers practical insights into institutional adaptation and collaborative governance in China's overseas park cooperation.

Key words: Belt and Road Initiative, Ethiopia, policy transfer, overseas industrial parks, policy dynamic interaction

摘要：

中国境外产业园区作为“一带一路”倡议的重要实施载体，呈现出政策输出、经验移植与本地制度融合相互交织的演进特征。本文基于政策动态互动的视角，构建“模型移植—本地转化—治理协同”三阶段政策演化框架，从主体、知识本体、互动过程3个维度，揭示了中国境外园区政策转移过程中政策知识的传播、重组与嵌入机制。本文采用质性研究方法，结合实地访谈、政策文本分析与参与式观察，选取埃塞俄比亚境内的中资园区为案例，梳理中埃园区合作十余年来的制度互动路径与政策适应过程。中国园区政策的跨境转移并非单向移植，而是一个多主体参与、显性与隐性知识交织、制度摩擦与协同并存的动态互动过程。在初始阶段，中国企业与政府作为主导力量推动“去情境化”经验模型输出；随着园区逐步嵌入埃塞本地制度环境，地方政府、社区与中方企业通过持续协商实现政策的再语境化与治理结构的协同调整。在治理协同阶段，各方逐步形成适应本地语境的协作机制和政策模型。研究不仅丰富了发展地理视野下政策转移与本地化重组的理论理解，也为中国境外园区合作提供了制度适应与关系治理的实践启示。

关键词: “一带一路”倡议, 埃塞俄比亚, 政策转移, 境外产业园区, 政策动态互动