Paradigms between geopolitics and geoeconomics: Controversy or integration

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2020.02.2018417

Abstract

Abstract:

Geopolitics and geoeconomics are of great important component in the geo-research. Actually, Geoeconomics has argued with geopolitics since its birth in 1990s. From the perspective of discipline family tree, however, geopolitics and geoeconomics belong to the category of human-environment relationship in the geography so as to share common inter-points on paradigms. Firstly, this paper analyzed the development of western geopolitics and geoeconomics. And then, on the basis of the previous analysis, the paper discussed the paradigms’ Controversy between geopolitics and geoeconomics, namely geo-economics replacing geopolitics, geoeconomics belonging to geopolitics and their interdependence. Thirdly, the article found that geopolitics and geo-economics have shared the common internal foundation on paradigms in the theoretical origin, theoretical conceptional direction and core meanings. The results show that: ①geoeconomics is a variation of the perspective of the geopolitical research; ②geoeconomics is a new transformation of geopolitical values; ③geoeconomics is an important supplement of geopolitical academic function.

Key words: geopolitics, geoeconomics, controversy on paradigm, integration on paradigm

摘要：

地缘政治学和地缘经济学都是地缘研究中的主要分支领域。地缘经济学自其诞生之日起就与地缘政治学存在学科之争。从学科谱系看，地缘经济学和地缘政治学都属于地理学中人地关系的研究范畴，故而内含学科融合基础。本文首先对西方地缘政治学和地缘经济学的发展进行简要梳理；然后，以此为背景就地缘经济学和地缘政治学之间存在的前者取代或从属于后者、以及两者相互依赖等学科之争进行分析；在此基础上，对地缘政治学与地缘经济学在理论基础、理论概念指向、理论核心内涵本质上的趋同探讨了两者学科融合的学理基础。研究认为：①地缘经济学是对地缘政治学研究视角的一种丰富；②地缘经济学是对地缘政治学价值立场的一种变换；③地缘经济学是对地缘政治学学术功能的一种补充。

关键词: 地缘政治学, 地缘经济学, 学科之争, 学科融合

Chenran XIONG, Limao WANG, Qiushi QU, Ning XIANG, Bo WANG. Paradigms between geopolitics and geoeconomics: Controversy or integration[J]. World Regional Studies, 2020, 29(2): 296-306.

熊琛然, 王礼茂, 屈秋实, 向宁, 王博. 地理学之地缘政治学与地缘经济学：学科之争抑或学科融合?[J]. 世界地理研究, 2020, 29(2): 296-306.

Figures/Tables 4

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发展阶段	代表人物	理论反映
帝国主义地缘政治学	拉采尔（Friedrich Ratzel）	国家有机体论（National Organism）
	马汉（Alfred Mahan）	海权论（Seapower）
	麦金德（Halford Mackinder）	陆权论（Landpower）
	豪斯霍弗尔（Karl Haushofer）	生存空间论（Lebensraum）
	斯皮克曼（Nicholas Spykman）	边缘地带论（Rimland）
冷战地缘政治学	坎南（George Kennan）	遏制理论（Containment）
	格雷汉姆（Daniel O Graham）	高边境论（High Frontier）
	基辛格（Henry Kissinger）	均势论（Balance of Power）
新世界秩序地缘政治学	布热津斯基（Zbigniew K. Brzezinski）	大棋局论（The Grand Chessboard）
	亨廷顿（Smuel Huntington）	文明冲突论（Clash of Civilization）
	卡普兰（Robert Kaplan）	乱世将临论（Coming Anarchy）
环境地缘政治学	霍默—狄克逊(Thomas Homer—Dixon)	环境稀缺论(Environmental Scarcity)
	伦纳(Michael Renner)	环境安全论(Environmental Security)
	戈尔（Al Gore）	战略环境论（Strategic Environmental Initiative）

发展阶段	代表人物	理论反映
帝国主义地缘政治学	拉采尔（Friedrich Ratzel）	国家有机体论（National Organism）
	马汉（Alfred Mahan）	海权论（Seapower）
	麦金德（Halford Mackinder）	陆权论（Landpower）
	豪斯霍弗尔（Karl Haushofer）	生存空间论（Lebensraum）
	斯皮克曼（Nicholas Spykman）	边缘地带论（Rimland）
冷战地缘政治学	坎南（George Kennan）	遏制理论（Containment）
	格雷汉姆（Daniel O Graham）	高边境论（High Frontier）
	基辛格（Henry Kissinger）	均势论（Balance of Power）
新世界秩序地缘政治学	布热津斯基（Zbigniew K. Brzezinski）	大棋局论（The Grand Chessboard）
	亨廷顿（Smuel Huntington）	文明冲突论（Clash of Civilization）
	卡普兰（Robert Kaplan）	乱世将临论（Coming Anarchy）
环境地缘政治学	霍默—狄克逊(Thomas Homer—Dixon)	环境稀缺论(Environmental Scarcity)
	伦纳(Michael Renner)	环境安全论(Environmental Security)
	戈尔（Al Gore）	战略环境论（Strategic Environmental Initiative）

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