Abstract:

Based on the data of total land expropriation, agricultural land expropriation and arable land expropriation of 31 provinces in China from 2004 to 2017, the gravity center model, spatial analysis and other methods were used to study the characteristics of changes in land expropriation scale and spatial pattern at the provincial scale in China. The results are as follows: From 2004 to 2017, China's land expropriation scale increased first and then decreased rapidly. The average scale of land expropriation in Western China is the smallest. Affected by the strategy of "The Rise of Central China", the average scale of land expropriation in the central region surpassed that of the eastern region during the study period. In addition, China's provincial land expropriation is unbalanced, especially arable land expropriation. The difference of land expropriation scale among provinces decreased first and then increased. China's land expropriation has experienced the diffusion stage and the concentration stage in turn. The gravity center of China's land expropriation mainly moved in Zhumadian, Nanyang, Suizhou and other cities at the junction of Henan and Hubei. Compared with total land expropriation and agricultural land expropriation, the gravity center of arable land expropriation has a further northerly location. And the moving range of the gravity center of China's land expropriation lies to the southeast of the average gravity center. The spatial pattern of China's land expropriation changed more in the east-west direction than in the north-south direction. The gravity center of land expropriation moved to the southwest. China's land expropriation has a strong spatial clustering feature. Shandong, Henan, Anhui and Jiangsu are high-value gathering centers and hot spots of China's land expropriation, and Xinjiang, Qinghai and other provinces in the Northwestern District are low-value gathering centers and cold spots of China's land expropriation. The hot spots evolve from eastern provinces to central provinces, while the cold spots gradually decrease from Xinjiang, Qinghai, Tibet, Gansu and Ningxia to Xinjiang and Qinghai. Moreover, high-value outliers coexist with low-value outliers. Sichuan is the high-value outlier of China's land expropriation, while Shanghai and Chongqing are the low-value outliers. Mastering temporal and spatial changes of China's land expropriation scale is conducive to promoting land expropriation work and speeding up the process of urbanization.

Key words: land expropriation, agricultural land, arable land, scale, pattern

摘要：

从《中国国土资源年鉴2005—2018》上获取2004—2017年除港澳台地区之外的中国31个省级行政区的总征收土地、征收农用地和征收耕地数据，采用统计分析、重心模型、空间分析等方法对中国省域尺度征收土地规模和空间格局的变化特征进行了研究。结果表明：①2004—2017年，中国征收土地规模先波动增长后迅速下降，西部地区征收土地省平均规模最小，中部地区征收土地省平均规模超越东部地区。另外，中国省域征收土地不均衡，尤以征收耕地空间不均衡问题最为严重，各省份间征收土地规模的差异先减小后增大，中国征收土地依次经历了分散和集中阶段。②中国征收土地重心主要在河南与湖北交界处的驻马店、南阳、随州等城市内移动，与总征收土地和征收农用地相比征收耕地重心更靠北一些，中国征收土地重心移动范围处于平均重心东南方向。中国征收土地空间格局东西方向变化程度大于南北方向，征收土地重心先向西移动研究期末又向东折回，但总体向西南方向移动。③中国征收土地表现为显著的空间正相关，有着较强的空间集聚，随着时间推移，这种空间趋同效应先减弱后增强。山东、河南、安徽、江苏是中国征收土地的高值集聚中心，是征收土地的热点区；新疆、青海等西北地区省份是中国征收土地的低值集聚中心，是征收土地的冷点区。热点区由东部地区省份向中部地区省份演变，冷点区由新疆、青海、西藏、甘肃、宁夏逐渐减少为新疆、青海。此外，高值孤立点与低值孤立点并存，四川是中国征收土地的高值孤立点，上海、重庆是中国征收土地的低值孤立点。掌握中国征收土地规模的时空变化特征有利于推动我国征收土地工作，加快城镇化进程。

关键词: 征收土地, 农用地, 耕地, 规模, 格局