World Regional Studies ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 57-69.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.01.20222146
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Zhongxiang CAI(), Zhekun HUANG, Maoyu GONG, Yong GUO, Shengming HU, Yan WANG
Received:
2022-08-21
Revised:
2022-10-26
Online:
2024-01-15
Published:
2024-01-29
作者简介:
蔡中祥(1974—),男,教授,博士,主要研究方向为地区冲突与地缘安全,E-mail:get20201007@163.com。
基金资助:
Zhongxiang CAI, Zhekun HUANG, Maoyu GONG, Yong GUO, Shengming HU, Yan WANG. Spatial differentiation and driving factors of domestic political conflicts in India[J]. World Regional Studies, 2024, 33(1): 57-69.
蔡中祥, 黄哲琨, 公茂玉, 郭勇, 胡盛铭, 王岩. 印度国内政治冲突的空间分异及驱动因子[J]. 世界地理研究, 2024, 33(1): 57-69.
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URL: https://sjdlyj.ecnu.edu.cn/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2024.01.20222146
指标体系 | 编号 | 具体指标 | 单位 | 指标含义 |
---|---|---|---|---|
经济社会 | X1 | 人均 GDP | 亿元 | 值越大,水平越高 |
X2 | 劳动力参与率 | % | 0 为最低,1为最高 | |
X3 | 人口密度 | 人/km2 | 值越大,密度越高 | |
X4 | 贫困率 | % | 0 为最低,1为最高 | |
X5 | 失业率 | % | 0 为最低,1为最高 | |
X6 | 识字率 | % | 0 为最低,1为最高 | |
X7 | 暴力犯罪数量 | 次数 | 值越大,次数越高 | |
资源 | X8 | 单位面积主要粮食作物产量 | 千吨/公顷 | 值越大,水平越高 |
X9 | 粮食作物面积占比 | % | 值越大,水平越高 | |
X10 | 乡村通电率 | % | 0 为最低,1为最高 | |
X11 | 人均用电量 | 千瓦时 | 值越大,水平越高 | |
X12 | 水资源储量 | 亿m3 | 值越大,水平越高 | |
政治 | X13 | 所占议会议席数 | 个 | 值越大,水平越高 |
X14 | 选民投票率 | % | 0 为最低,1为最高 | |
X15 | 政治一致指数 | — | 值越大,分异性越强 | |
X16 | 非官方政党占比 | % | 0 为最低,1为最高 | |
宗教民族 | X17 | 民族一致指数 | — | 值越大,分异性越强 |
X18 | 民族数 | — | 值越大,水平越高 | |
X19 | 穆斯林人口比 | % | 0 为最低,1为最高 | |
X20 | 印度教人口比 | % | 0 为最低,1为最高 |
Tab.1 Primary index system of drivers of political conflict in India
指标体系 | 编号 | 具体指标 | 单位 | 指标含义 |
---|---|---|---|---|
经济社会 | X1 | 人均 GDP | 亿元 | 值越大,水平越高 |
X2 | 劳动力参与率 | % | 0 为最低,1为最高 | |
X3 | 人口密度 | 人/km2 | 值越大,密度越高 | |
X4 | 贫困率 | % | 0 为最低,1为最高 | |
X5 | 失业率 | % | 0 为最低,1为最高 | |
X6 | 识字率 | % | 0 为最低,1为最高 | |
X7 | 暴力犯罪数量 | 次数 | 值越大,次数越高 | |
资源 | X8 | 单位面积主要粮食作物产量 | 千吨/公顷 | 值越大,水平越高 |
X9 | 粮食作物面积占比 | % | 值越大,水平越高 | |
X10 | 乡村通电率 | % | 0 为最低,1为最高 | |
X11 | 人均用电量 | 千瓦时 | 值越大,水平越高 | |
X12 | 水资源储量 | 亿m3 | 值越大,水平越高 | |
政治 | X13 | 所占议会议席数 | 个 | 值越大,水平越高 |
X14 | 选民投票率 | % | 0 为最低,1为最高 | |
X15 | 政治一致指数 | — | 值越大,分异性越强 | |
X16 | 非官方政党占比 | % | 0 为最低,1为最高 | |
宗教民族 | X17 | 民族一致指数 | — | 值越大,分异性越强 |
X18 | 民族数 | — | 值越大,水平越高 | |
X19 | 穆斯林人口比 | % | 0 为最低,1为最高 | |
X20 | 印度教人口比 | % | 0 为最低,1为最高 |
相关性 | X1 | X2 | X3 | X4 | X5 | X6 | X7 | X8 | X9 | X10 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
X1 | 1.00 | -0.11 | 0.45* | -0.70* | 0.20 | 0.38 | -0.37 | -0.34 | -0.19 | 0.32 |
X2 | -0.11 | 1.00 | -0.19 | 0.13 | -0.10 | -0.08 | -0.13 | -0.17 | -0.16 | -0.18 |
X3 | 0.45* | -0.19 | 1.00 | -0.10 | 0.32 | 0.07 | -0.10 | -0.19 | -0.12 | 0.21 |
X4 | -0.70* | 0.13 | -0.10 | 1.00 | -0.25 | -0.54* | 0.34 | 0.18 | 0.18 | -0.40 |
X5 | 0.20 | -0.10 | 0.32 | -0.25 | 1.00 | 0.04 | -0.15 | -0.08 | -0.19 | 0.14 |
X6 | 0.38 | -0.08 | 0.07 | -0.54* | 0.04 | 1.00 | -0.37 | -0.44* | -0.26 | 0.22 |
X7 | -0.37 | -0.13 | -0.10 | 0.34 | -0.15 | -0.37 | 1.00 | 0.72* | 0.69* | 0.14 |
X8 | -0.34 | -0.17 | -0.19 | 0.18 | -0.08 | -0.44* | 0.72* | 1.00 | 0.76* | 0.24 |
X9 | -0.19 | -0.16 | -0.12 | 0.18 | -0.19 | -0.26 | 0.69* | 0.76* | 1.00 | 0.23 |
X10 | 0.32 | -0.18 | 0.21 | -0.40 | 0.14 | 0.22 | 0.14 | 0.24 | 0.23 | 1.00 |
X11 | 0.26 | 0.00 | 0.26 | 0.16 | 0.09 | 0.07 | -0.17 | -0.15 | -0.15 | 0.24 |
X12 | -0.03 | 0.12 | -0.07 | 0.03 | -0.06 | 0.29 | -0.13 | -0.13 | -0.10 | -0.13 |
X13 | -0.31 | -0.18 | -0.16 | 0.23 | -0.25 | -0.36 | 0.90* | 0.80* | 0.75* | 0.25 |
X14 | 0.14 | 0.28 | 0.02 | -0.06 | -0.01 | 0.35 | -0.38 | -0.39 | -0.29 | -0.08 |
X15 | -0.29 | -0.13 | -0.16 | 0.19 | -0.27 | -0.43* | 0.81* | 0.79* | 0.73* | 0.27 |
X16 | -0.02 | 0.11 | -0.17 | -0.19 | -0.23 | -0.13 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.15 |
X17 | 0.19 | -0.13 | 0.21 | -0.27 | -0.27 | 0.27 | 0.16 | 0.26 | 0.22 | 0.54* |
X18 | -0.13 | 0.22 | -0.28 | 0.37 | -0.08 | -0.15 | -0.17 | -0.21 | -0.17 | -0.59* |
X19 | -0.31 | -0.28 | 0.02 | -0.22 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 0.09 | -0.06 | 0.01 | 0.14 |
X20 | 0.22 | -0.17 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.06 | -0.23 | 0.30 | 0.27 | 0.22 | 0.43* |
相关性 | X11 | X12 | X13 | X14 | X15 | X16 | X17 | X18 | X19 | X20 |
X1 | 0.26 | -0.03 | -0.31 | 0.14 | -0.29 | -0.02 | 0.19 | -0.13 | -0.31 | 0.22 |
X2 | 0.00 | 0.12 | -0.18 | 0.28 | -0.13 | 0.11 | -0.13 | 0.22 | -0.28 | -0.17 |
X3 | 0.26 | -0.07 | -0.16 | 0.02 | -0.16 | -0.17 | 0.21 | -0.28 | 0.02 | 0.13 |
X4 | 0.16 | 0.03 | 0.23 | -0.06 | 0.19 | -0.19 | -0.27 | 0.37 | -0.22 | 0.14 |
X5 | 0.09 | -0.06 | -0.25 | -0.01 | -0.27 | -0.23 | -0.27 | -0.08 | 0.04 | 0.06 |
X6 | 0.07 | 0.29 | -0.36 | 0.35 | -0.43* | -0.13 | 0.27 | -0.15 | 0.11 | -0.23 |
X7 | -0.17 | -0.13 | 0.90* | -0.38 | 0.81* | 0.08 | 0.16 | -0.17 | 0.09 | 0.30 |
X8 | -0.15 | -0.13 | 0.80* | -0.39 | 0.79* | 0.05 | 0.26 | -0.21 | -0.06 | 0.27 |
X9 | -0.15 | -0.10 | 0.75* | -0.29 | 0.73* | 0.04 | 0.22 | -0.17 | 0.01 | 0.22 |
X10 | 0.24 | -0.13 | 0.25 | -0.08 | 0.27 | 0.15 | 0.54* | -0.59* | 0.14 | 0.43* |
X11 | 1.00 | -0.08 | -0.16 | 0.12 | -0.14 | -0.17 | 0.00 | -0.13 | -0.13 | 0.27 |
X12 | -0.08 | 1.00 | -0.14 | -0.17 | -0.14 | -0.14 | 0.07 | 0.04 | -0.12 | -0.40 |
X13 | -0.16 | -0.14 | 1.00 | -0.42 | 0.97* | 0.15 | 0.31 | -0.24 | 0.03 | 0.35 |
X14 | 0.12 | -0.17 | -0.42 | 1.00 | -0.39 | 0.27 | 0.10 | 0.09 | -0.03 | -0.16 |
X15 | -0.14 | -0.14 | 0.97* | -0.39 | 1.00 | 0.20 | 0.34 | -0.25 | 0.00 | 0.39 |
X16 | -0.17 | -0.14 | 0.15 | 0.27 | 0.20 | 1.00 | 0.25 | -0.12 | -0.07 | -0.06 |
X17 | 0.00 | 0.07 | 0.31 | 0.10 | 0.34 | 0.25 | 1.00 | -0.74* | 0.16 | 0.16 |
X18 | -0.13 | 0.04 | -0.24 | 0.09 | -0.25 | -0.12 | -0.74* | 1.00 | -0.38 | -0.18 |
X19 | -0.13 | -0.12 | 0.03 | -0.03 | 0.00 | -0.07 | 0.16 | -0.38 | 1.00 | -0.38 |
X20 | 0.27 | -0.40 | 0.35 | -0.16 | 0.39 | -0.06 | 0.16 | -0.18 | -0.38 | 1.00 |
Tab.2 Correlation coefficients among drivers of political conflict events in India
相关性 | X1 | X2 | X3 | X4 | X5 | X6 | X7 | X8 | X9 | X10 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
X1 | 1.00 | -0.11 | 0.45* | -0.70* | 0.20 | 0.38 | -0.37 | -0.34 | -0.19 | 0.32 |
X2 | -0.11 | 1.00 | -0.19 | 0.13 | -0.10 | -0.08 | -0.13 | -0.17 | -0.16 | -0.18 |
X3 | 0.45* | -0.19 | 1.00 | -0.10 | 0.32 | 0.07 | -0.10 | -0.19 | -0.12 | 0.21 |
X4 | -0.70* | 0.13 | -0.10 | 1.00 | -0.25 | -0.54* | 0.34 | 0.18 | 0.18 | -0.40 |
X5 | 0.20 | -0.10 | 0.32 | -0.25 | 1.00 | 0.04 | -0.15 | -0.08 | -0.19 | 0.14 |
X6 | 0.38 | -0.08 | 0.07 | -0.54* | 0.04 | 1.00 | -0.37 | -0.44* | -0.26 | 0.22 |
X7 | -0.37 | -0.13 | -0.10 | 0.34 | -0.15 | -0.37 | 1.00 | 0.72* | 0.69* | 0.14 |
X8 | -0.34 | -0.17 | -0.19 | 0.18 | -0.08 | -0.44* | 0.72* | 1.00 | 0.76* | 0.24 |
X9 | -0.19 | -0.16 | -0.12 | 0.18 | -0.19 | -0.26 | 0.69* | 0.76* | 1.00 | 0.23 |
X10 | 0.32 | -0.18 | 0.21 | -0.40 | 0.14 | 0.22 | 0.14 | 0.24 | 0.23 | 1.00 |
X11 | 0.26 | 0.00 | 0.26 | 0.16 | 0.09 | 0.07 | -0.17 | -0.15 | -0.15 | 0.24 |
X12 | -0.03 | 0.12 | -0.07 | 0.03 | -0.06 | 0.29 | -0.13 | -0.13 | -0.10 | -0.13 |
X13 | -0.31 | -0.18 | -0.16 | 0.23 | -0.25 | -0.36 | 0.90* | 0.80* | 0.75* | 0.25 |
X14 | 0.14 | 0.28 | 0.02 | -0.06 | -0.01 | 0.35 | -0.38 | -0.39 | -0.29 | -0.08 |
X15 | -0.29 | -0.13 | -0.16 | 0.19 | -0.27 | -0.43* | 0.81* | 0.79* | 0.73* | 0.27 |
X16 | -0.02 | 0.11 | -0.17 | -0.19 | -0.23 | -0.13 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.15 |
X17 | 0.19 | -0.13 | 0.21 | -0.27 | -0.27 | 0.27 | 0.16 | 0.26 | 0.22 | 0.54* |
X18 | -0.13 | 0.22 | -0.28 | 0.37 | -0.08 | -0.15 | -0.17 | -0.21 | -0.17 | -0.59* |
X19 | -0.31 | -0.28 | 0.02 | -0.22 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 0.09 | -0.06 | 0.01 | 0.14 |
X20 | 0.22 | -0.17 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.06 | -0.23 | 0.30 | 0.27 | 0.22 | 0.43* |
相关性 | X11 | X12 | X13 | X14 | X15 | X16 | X17 | X18 | X19 | X20 |
X1 | 0.26 | -0.03 | -0.31 | 0.14 | -0.29 | -0.02 | 0.19 | -0.13 | -0.31 | 0.22 |
X2 | 0.00 | 0.12 | -0.18 | 0.28 | -0.13 | 0.11 | -0.13 | 0.22 | -0.28 | -0.17 |
X3 | 0.26 | -0.07 | -0.16 | 0.02 | -0.16 | -0.17 | 0.21 | -0.28 | 0.02 | 0.13 |
X4 | 0.16 | 0.03 | 0.23 | -0.06 | 0.19 | -0.19 | -0.27 | 0.37 | -0.22 | 0.14 |
X5 | 0.09 | -0.06 | -0.25 | -0.01 | -0.27 | -0.23 | -0.27 | -0.08 | 0.04 | 0.06 |
X6 | 0.07 | 0.29 | -0.36 | 0.35 | -0.43* | -0.13 | 0.27 | -0.15 | 0.11 | -0.23 |
X7 | -0.17 | -0.13 | 0.90* | -0.38 | 0.81* | 0.08 | 0.16 | -0.17 | 0.09 | 0.30 |
X8 | -0.15 | -0.13 | 0.80* | -0.39 | 0.79* | 0.05 | 0.26 | -0.21 | -0.06 | 0.27 |
X9 | -0.15 | -0.10 | 0.75* | -0.29 | 0.73* | 0.04 | 0.22 | -0.17 | 0.01 | 0.22 |
X10 | 0.24 | -0.13 | 0.25 | -0.08 | 0.27 | 0.15 | 0.54* | -0.59* | 0.14 | 0.43* |
X11 | 1.00 | -0.08 | -0.16 | 0.12 | -0.14 | -0.17 | 0.00 | -0.13 | -0.13 | 0.27 |
X12 | -0.08 | 1.00 | -0.14 | -0.17 | -0.14 | -0.14 | 0.07 | 0.04 | -0.12 | -0.40 |
X13 | -0.16 | -0.14 | 1.00 | -0.42 | 0.97* | 0.15 | 0.31 | -0.24 | 0.03 | 0.35 |
X14 | 0.12 | -0.17 | -0.42 | 1.00 | -0.39 | 0.27 | 0.10 | 0.09 | -0.03 | -0.16 |
X15 | -0.14 | -0.14 | 0.97* | -0.39 | 1.00 | 0.20 | 0.34 | -0.25 | 0.00 | 0.39 |
X16 | -0.17 | -0.14 | 0.15 | 0.27 | 0.20 | 1.00 | 0.25 | -0.12 | -0.07 | -0.06 |
X17 | 0.00 | 0.07 | 0.31 | 0.10 | 0.34 | 0.25 | 1.00 | -0.74* | 0.16 | 0.16 |
X18 | -0.13 | 0.04 | -0.24 | 0.09 | -0.25 | -0.12 | -0.74* | 1.00 | -0.38 | -0.18 |
X19 | -0.13 | -0.12 | 0.03 | -0.03 | 0.00 | -0.07 | 0.16 | -0.38 | 1.00 | -0.38 |
X20 | 0.27 | -0.40 | 0.35 | -0.16 | 0.39 | -0.06 | 0.16 | -0.18 | -0.38 | 1.00 |
指标体系 | 编号 | 具体指标 | 指标体系 | 编号 | 具体指标 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
经济社会 | X1 | 人均 GDP | 资源 | X8 | 单位面积主要粮食作物产量 |
X2 | 劳动力参与率 | X10 | 乡村通电率 | ||
X3 | 人口密度 | X11 | 人均用电量 | ||
X5 | 失业率 | X12 | 水资源储量 | ||
X6 | 识字率 | 宗教民族 | X18 | 民族数 | |
政治 | X14 | 选民投票率 | X19 | 穆斯林人口比 | |
X16 | 非官方政党占比 | X20 | 印度教人口比 |
Tab.3 Evaluation indicators of drivers of political conflict in India
指标体系 | 编号 | 具体指标 | 指标体系 | 编号 | 具体指标 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
经济社会 | X1 | 人均 GDP | 资源 | X8 | 单位面积主要粮食作物产量 |
X2 | 劳动力参与率 | X10 | 乡村通电率 | ||
X3 | 人口密度 | X11 | 人均用电量 | ||
X5 | 失业率 | X12 | 水资源储量 | ||
X6 | 识字率 | 宗教民族 | X18 | 民族数 | |
政治 | X14 | 选民投票率 | X19 | 穆斯林人口比 | |
X16 | 非官方政党占比 | X20 | 印度教人口比 |
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