Abstract:

Based on the value-added trade (VAX) data measured by UIBE GVC from 2000 to 2020, the paper constructed regional and global value-added trade networks in East Asia, and used social network analysis (SNA) to study the structural evolution characteristics and influencing factors of East Asian regional and global manufacturing value-added trade networks. The results show that: ① the network density of East Asian value chain is larger than the world average, and it is increasing year by year, but the regional supply chain risk is increased accordingly; The center of gravity in the world's value-added trade network tends to shift to East Asia, and the network relationship between them is getting closer, the members of the center change obviously. Additionally, the network has obvious structure of "core, semi-core, semi-edge, edge", and the core status of East Asia has been greatly improved. ② In the field of manufacturing industry, factors such as differences in economic development level, technological innovation level, geographical border and colonial history have a relatively significant positive impact on the value-added trade network, but geographical distance difference has a relatively significant negative impact, and institutional quality difference has a relatively significant negative impact in the early stage, but its impact is not obvious in recent years. In the field of high-end manufacturing industry, the difference of institutional quality shows a significant negative impact in each year, but the colonial history has no obvious impact on the value-added trade network. The results show that GVC theory, comparative advantage theory and technology gap theory have a good explanation for the spatial structure characteristics of the East Asian regional and global value- added trade network. In a word, the value-added trade network reflects the obvious characteristics of global value chain division.

Key words: East Asia's value chians, value-added trade network of manufacture, network characteristics, influencing factors, GVCs, SNA

摘要：

基于对外经贸大学全球价值链数据库（UIBE GVC）测算2000—2020年的增加值贸易（VAX）数据，构建东亚及全球的增加值贸易网络，利用社会网络分析（SNA）方法研究东亚及全球制造业增加值贸易网络的结构演进特征及其影响因素。结果表明：①东亚区域价值链的网络密度高于世界平均水平，且逐年增大，但这也相应提高了区域性的供应链风险；世界增加值贸易网络的重心趋于向东亚转移，彼此间的网络关系日趋紧密，中心成员变化明显；网络存在明显的“核心-半核心-半边缘-边缘”结构，且东亚的核心地位有较大提升。②在制造业领域，经济发展水平差异、技术创新水平差异、殖民史等要素对增加值贸易网络具有较为显著的正向影响，地理距离差异具有较为显著的负向影响，而制度质量差异在早期具有比较显著的负向影响，近年来其影响不明显；在高端制造业领域，制度质量差异在各年份均表现出较为显著的负向影响，但殖民史对增加值贸易网络的影响不太明显。研究结果显示：全球价值链理论、比较优势论及技术差距论对东亚区域及全球增加值贸易网络的空间结构特征具有较好的解释力，增加值贸易网络呈现出明显的全球价值链分工特性。

关键词: 东亚区域价值链, 制造业增加值贸易网络, 网络特征, 影响因素, 全球价值链, 社会网络分析