主管单位:中国科学技术协会
主办单位:中国地理学会
承办单位:华东师范大学

World Regional Studies ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 276-285.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2021.02.2019326

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The development strategies of new town in Africa

Jiemin LIU1,3(), Bin LV2()   

  1. 1.School of Architecture & Urban Planning, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
    2.School of City and Environment, Peking University, Beijing 100871 ; China
    3.CCCG Real Estate Co. , Ltd. , Beijing 100088,China
  • Received:2019-07-13 Revised:2019-11-14 Online:2021-03-30 Published:2021-04-09
  • Contact: Bin LV

非洲欠发达地区首都新城开发策略研究

刘洁敏1,3(), 吕斌2()   

  1. 1.福州大学建筑与城乡规划学院,福州 350108
    2.北京大学城市与环境学院,北京 100871
    3.中交地产股份有限公司,北京 100088
  • 通讯作者: 吕斌
  • 作者简介:刘洁敏(1987-),女,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,主要从事国土空间规划、经济地理研究,E-mail: LiuJieminFuzhouUni@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金研究项目《中国城市空间增长的低碳化形态模式研究》(41171130);北京建筑大学未来城市设计高精尖创新中心自主项目(udc2018010921)

Abstract:

In recent years, African cities represented by the capitals have been developing with high speed. As a result, it spawned a wave of new town development. This paper reviews the theory and practice of African's new town development and summarizes the background, driving forces, key roles and challenges. It takes the capital city of Brazzaville as an example to study the driving force, the key roles of central government, domestic and international enterprises and financing institution, the challenges of unstable political and economic form, immature land market and geological risk. Based on the concept plan of the new town, this paper proposes to design a flexible urban planning scheme, to establish a land management system, to coordinate development between the government and enterprises, to raise funds from multiple sources, to guarantee geological safely by engineering design, to build an accessible road traffic system, to accommodate different needs or cultural backgrounds of people in different districts, to build economical and convenient housing products, to build public service facilities which meet the needs of all parties and to set up industrial parks which meet the needs of local economic development.

Key words: Africa, Congo, Brazzaville, capital, urbanization, new town

摘要:

近年来,以各国首都为代表的非洲城市呈现高速扩张态势,由此催生了新城开发的浪潮。本文梳理了非洲新城开发的理论和实践,总结了其背景和驱动力、关键性角色及面临的挑战。以刚果共和国首都布拉柴维尔市东部新城开发实践为例,通过实地调研获取资料,总结其驱动因素,概述了所在国政府、企业、金融机构等的作用,以及其存在的政治经济形式不稳定、土地交易市场不成熟、地质灾害风险等现实挑战。以新城概念规划方案为蓝本,提出设计弹性城市规划方案、建立完善土地管理制度、政企协同开发、多渠道筹备资金、工程设计保障地质安全、建设通达的道路交通系统、各类需求或文化背景人群分片开发住宅区、建造经济便捷的住宅产品、配建符合各方需求的公共服务设施、设立与当地经济发展相适应的产业园区开发策略。

关键词: 非洲, 刚果共和国, 布拉柴维尔, 首都, 城市化, 新城