Abstract:

The social spatial structure of ethnic village has changed dramatically with the tourism development by taking Xijiang Miao villages in Guizhou as an example, the remote sensing interpretation analysis, GIS spatial analysis and qualitative analysis were built to analyze the evolution process and mechanism of social space in ethnic village under the based on the unification of “physical and spiritual” of social space. The results were shown as follows: 1）The evolution of spatial form and functional was linearly related to tourism development with the characteristics of cluster agglomeration, vertical differentiation and tourism heterogeneity, all of these have changed the living space into a multi-force negotiation space and a mixed space with significant internal differences dominated by tourism.2）The evolutionary power of social space is derived from the push power (the occupation and production of space resources by stakeholders )and the the pull power(tourists' demands for different cultures);3）“Space Practice, Spatial Reproduction and Reproduction Space”is the internal logic process mechanism of the social space evolution；4）The social space evolution presents a non-equilibrium practice feature with the rights-capital space "clusters" and "columns"formed Under the tourism impact,however,the spiritual and cultural space of villages is still stable.This study provides some guidance for the relationship, path and mechanism and the transition between “physical and spiritual” in social space.

Key words: tourism impact, ethnic village, social pace, evolution, Xijiang Miao village

摘要：

旅游影响下民族村寨社会空间结构急剧变迁。研究基于社会空间“物质性与精神性” 的统一，以贵州西江苗寨为例，综合遥感解译分析、GIS空间分析及定性分析等方法，揭示了旅游影响下民族村寨社会空间演化过程与机理。研究发现：①西江苗寨空间形态和功能演化规律与旅游发展线性相关，整体呈现抱团集聚、垂直分异与旅游异质性的特征；村寨从生活自居空间转化为多元势力协商的空间，并逐步演化为以旅游为主导的混合型空间，内部差异显著。②村寨社会空间演化动力源于利益主体对空间资源的占据和生产的“推力”以及游客对异质文化的诉求的“拉力”叠加。③“空间实践、空间再现以及再现的空间”的生产逻辑成为村寨社会空间演化机理。④旅游影响下村寨社会空间演化呈现非均衡性实践特征，权利-资本空间“簇”和“柱”形成，但村寨精神文化空间仍就稳固。该研究为后续社会空间物质性与精神性转换关系、路径以及机制提供一定指引。

关键词: 旅游影响, 民族村寨, 社会空间, 演化, 西江苗寨